Solution:
Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.Acetone and Methanol are polar, making them miscible and able to interact with one another through H-bonding.
Assertion: A mixture of acetone and Methanol can be separated by fractional distillation because fractional distillation makes it relatively simple to separate them. Fractional distillation separates a combination of two volatile liquids where the boiling points of the volatile liquids are close.
Reason: The difference between their boiling point is that Methanol has a boiling point of 64.7°C, while acetone is 54°C. Methanol and acetone have a boiling point difference of 8K. Therefore, we choose fractional distillation over basic distillation.
Since acetone has a low boiling point in this situation, it evaporates first and then continuously cycles between condensation and vaporization in the fractionating column. Methanol can also be extracted from the mixture as one of the fractions by raising the temperature further.
