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Crucial questions for Chapter 2: Polynomials in Class 10 Mathematics have been provided here, following the NCERT book. These questions come with solutions to assist students in preparing effectively and achieving good scores in the CBSE Class 10 Mathematics exam. The questions are aligned with the latest syllabus prescribed by the board and are designed based on the current exam pattern. Students can utilize these important questions to practice for all chapters of the 10th standard Mathematics subject, thereby preparing thoroughly for the board exam of 2025-2025. Additionally, detailed solutions are included to aid students in case they encounter difficulties while solving the questions.
Also Check: CBSE Class 10 Maths Important Question Chapter 8 Trignometry
New: CBSE Class 10th Result Date 2024 | CBSE Class 10 Passing Criteria & Study Hacks
Short and Long Important Question Answer for Class 10 Polynomials
Q1. If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the value of k. (2012)
Solution:
Here a = 3, b = -k, c = 6
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = −ba = 3 …..(given)
⇒ −(−k)3 = 3
⇒ k = 9
Q2: Find the value of “p” from the polynomial x2 + 3x + p, if one of the zeroes of the polynomial is 2.
Solution: As 2 is the zero of the polynomial.
We know that if α is a zero of the polynomial p(x), then p(α) = 0
Substituting x = 2 in x2 + 3x + p,
⇒ 22 + 3(2) + p = 0
⇒ 4 + 6 + p = 0
⇒ 10 + p = 0
⇒ p = -10
Also Check: Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14 Statistics
Q3. If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12 is 1, then find the value of k. (2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12
Here a = k2 – 14, b = -2, c = -12
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = 1 …[Given]
⇒ −ba = 1
⇒ −(−2)k2−14 = 1
⇒ k2 – 14 = 2
⇒ k2 = 16
⇒ k = ±4
Q4: Does the polynomial a4 + 4a2 + 5 have real zeroes?
Solution: In the aforementioned polynomial, let a2 = x.
Now, the polynomial becomes,
x2 + 4x + 5
Comparing with ax2 + bx + c,
Here, b2 – 4ac = 42 – 4(1)(5) = 16 – 20 = -4
So, D = b2 – 4ac < 0
As the discriminant (D) is negative, the given polynomial does not have real roots or zeroes.
Q5. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -4 and -5, is …. (2016 D)
Solution:
x2 + 9x + 20 is the required polynomial.
Also Check: Surface Areas and Volumes Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 13
Q6: Compute the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 – 4x – 8. Also, establish a relationship between the zeroes and coefficients.
Solution:
Let the given polynomial be p(x) = 4x2 – 4x – 8
To find the zeroes, take p(x) = 0
Now, factorise the equation 4x2 – 4x – 8 = 0
4x2 – 4x – 8 = 0
4(x2 – x – 2) = 0
x2 – x – 2 = 0
x2 – 2x + x – 2 = 0
x(x – 2) + 1(x – 2) = 0
(x – 2)(x + 1) = 0
x = 2, x = -1
So, the roots of 4x2 – 4x – 8 are -1 and 2.
Relation between the sum of zeroes and coefficients:
-1 + 2 = 1 = -(-4)/4 i.e. (- coefficient of x/ coefficient of x2)
Relation between the product of zeroes and coefficients:
(-1) × 2 = -2 = -8/4 i.e (constant/coefficient of x2)
Also Check: Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2
Q7. Find the condition that zeroes of polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each other. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Let α and 1α be the zeroes of P(x).
P(a) = ax2 + bx + c …(given)
Product of zeroes = ca
⇒ α × 1α = ca
⇒ 1 = ca
⇒ a = c (Required condition)
Coefficient of x2 = Constant term
Q8.Form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3 + √2 and 3 – √2. (2012)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes,
S = (3 + √2) + (3 – √2) = 6
Product of zeroes,
P = (3 + √2) x (3 – √2) = (3)2 – (√2)2 = 9 – 2 = 7
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 6x + 7
Q.9: Find the quadratic polynomial if its zeroes are 0, √5.
Solution:
A quadratic polynomial can be written using the sum and product of its zeroes as:
x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
Where α and β are the roots of the polynomial.
Here, α = 0 and β = √5
So, the polynomial will be:
x2 – (0 + √5)x + 0(√5)
= x2 – √5x
Q10: Find the value of “x” in the polynomial 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10 if (a + x) is one of its factors.
Solution:
Let f(a) = 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10
Since, (a + x) is a factor of 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10, f(-x) = 0
So, f(-x) = 2x2 – 2x2 – 5x + 10 = 0
-5x + 10 = 0
5x = 10
x = 10/5
Therefore, x = 2
Q11: How many zeros does the polynomial (x – 3)2 – 4 have? Also, find its zeroes.
Solution:
Given polynomial is (x – 3)2 – 4
Now, expand this expression.
=> x2 + 9 – 6x – 4
= x2 – 6x + 5
As the polynomial has a degree of 2, the number of zeroes will be 2.
Now, solve x2 – 6x + 5 = 0 to get the roots.
So, x2 – x – 5x + 5 = 0
=> x(x – 1) -5(x – 1) = 0
=> (x – 1)(x – 5) = 0
x = 1, x = 5
So, the roots are 1 and 5.
Also Check: Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 – Real Numbers
Q12. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0 and -√2 respectively. (2015)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial is
x2 – (Sum of zeroes) x + (Product of zeroes)
= x2 – (0)x + (-√2)
= x2 – √2
Q13. Can (x – 2) be the remainder on division of a polynomial p(x) by (2x + 3)? Justify your answer. (2016 OD)
Solution:
In case of division of a polynomial by another polynomial, the degree of the remainder (polynomial) is always less than that of the divisor. (x – 2) can not be the remainder when p(x) is divided by (2x + 3) as the degree is the same.
Q14: α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 6x + y. Find the value of ‘y’ if 3α + 2β = 20.
Solution:
Let, f(x) = x² – 6x + y
From the given,
3α + 2β = 20———————(i)
From f(x),
α + β = 6———————(ii)
And,
αβ = y———————(iii)
Multiply equation (ii) by 2. Then, subtract the whole equation from equation (i),
=> α = 20 – 12 = 8
Now, substitute this value in equation (ii),
=> β = 6 – 8 = -2
Substitute the values of α and β in equation (iii) to get the value of y, such as;
y = αβ = (8)(-2) = -16
Q15: If the zeroes of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are a – b, a, a + b, then find the value of a and b.
Solution:
Let the given polynomial be:
p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Given,
The zeroes of the p(x) are a – b, a, and a + b.
Now, compare the given polynomial equation with general expression.
px3 + qx2 + rx + s = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Here, p = 1, q = -3, r = 1 and s = 1
For sum of zeroes:
Sum of zeroes will be = a – b + a + a + b
-q/p = 3a
Substitute the values q and p.
-(-3)/1 = 3a
a = 1
So, the zeroes are 1 – b, 1, 1 + b.
For the product of zeroes:
Product of zeroes = 1(1 – b)(1 + b)
-s/p = 1 – 𝑏2
=> -1/1 = 1 – 𝑏2
Or, 𝑏2 = 1 + 1 =2
So, b = √2
Thus, 1 – √2, 1, 1 + √2 are the zeroes of equation 𝑥3 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1.
Also Check: Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4 Quadratic Equations
Question 20. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are -8 and 12 respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2014)
Solution: Let Sum of zeroes (α + β) = S = -8 …[Given]
Product of zeroes (αβ) = P = 12 …[Given]
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P
= x2 – (-8)x + 12
= x2 + 8x + 12
= x2 + 6x + 2x + 12
= x(x + 6) + 2(x + 6)
= (x + 2)(x + 6)
Zeroes are:
x + 2 = 0 or x + 6 = 0
x = -2 or x = -6
Also Check: Surface Areas and Volumes Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 13
Q21: Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0, c ≠ 0.
Solution:
Let α and β be the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c.
So, α + β = -b/a
αβ = c/a
According to the given, 1/α and 1/β are the zeroes of the required quadratic polynomial.
Now, the sum of zeroes = (1/α) + (1/β)
= (α + β)/αβ
= (-b/a)/ (c/a)
= -b/c
Product of two zeroes = (1/α) (1/β)
= 1/αβ
= 1/(c/a)
= a/c
The required quadratic polynomial = k[x2 – (sum of zeroes)x + (product of zeroes)]
= k[x2 – (-b/c)x + (a/c)]
= k[x2 + (b/c) + (a/c)]
Q22: If the zeroes of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are a – b, a, a + b, then find the value of a and b.
Solution:
Let the given polynomial be:
p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Given,
The zeroes of the p(x) are a – b, a, and a + b.
Now, compare the given polynomial equation with general expression.
px3 + qx2 + rx + s = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Here, p = 1, q = -3, r = 1 and s = 1
For sum of zeroes:
Sum of zeroes will be = a – b + a + a + b
-q/p = 3a
Substitute the values q and p.
-(-3)/1 = 3a
a = 1
So, the zeroes are 1 – b, 1, 1 + b.
For the product of zeroes:
Product of zeroes = 1(1 – b)(1 + b)
-s/p = 1 – 𝑏2
=> -1/1 = 1 – 𝑏2
Or, 𝑏2 = 1 + 1 =2
So, b = √2
Thus, 1 – √2, 1, 1 + √2 are the zeroes of equation 𝑥3 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials FAQs
What is a polynomial?
A polynomial is a math expression that has variables, constants, and exponents, like x^2 + 2x + 3.
How many types of polynomials are there?
There are three types: Monomial: 1 term (e.g., 5x), Binomial: 2 terms (e.g., x + 2), Trinomial: 3 terms (e.g., x^2 + 2x + 3).
What is the degree of a polynomial?
The degree is the highest power of the variable. For example, in 3x^4 + x^2 + 5, the degree is 4.
What is a zero of a polynomial?
A zero of a polynomial is the value of x that makes the polynomial equal to 0. For example, in x^2 - 4 = 0, x = 2 and x = -2 are the zeros.
How to find the zeros of a quadratic polynomial?
To find the zeros, solve the equation by factoring, using the quadratic formula, or completing the square.
What is the factor theorem?
The factor theorem says that if x = a is a zero of the polynomial, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial.
How do you add and subtract polynomials?
To add or subtract polynomials, combine the like terms (terms with the same variable and power).
What is the standard form of a polynomial?
The standard form is when the terms are written in decreasing order of their powers. For example, 3x^3 + 2x^2 - 5x + 1 is in standard form.
What is a constant polynomial?
A constant polynomial is a polynomial with no variable, like 5. Its degree is 0.
What is a linear polynomial?
A linear polynomial has the degree 1, like 2x + 3.