Table of Contents
Introduction of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Body
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous network of tubes and sacs that extends throughout the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. It is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including the synthesis of proteins, the transport of proteins and lipids, and the storage of calcium ions.
The Golgi body is a membranous organelle that lies near the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. It is responsible for the processing and sorting of proteins and lipids that are produced by the ER. The Golgi body also plays a role in the transport of proteins and lipids to other parts of the cell.
The Function of Golgi Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is a membranous organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is named after the Italian biologist Camillo Golgi, who discovered it in 1898. The Golgi apparatus processes and packages macromolecules for transport within and outside of the cell. It is made up of a series of flattened, disk-shaped sacs called cisternae. The cisternae are connected to one another by means of small tubules.
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the modification of proteins and lipids that are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum. It modifies proteins by adding carbohydrate chains (glycoproteins) and lipid molecules (glycolipids). These modifications are necessary for the proteins and lipids to be transported in the cell and to be effective outside of the cell.
The Golgi apparatus also packages macromolecules into vesicles for transport to other parts of the cell or to the cell surface. Vesicles can be secreted from the cell or they can fuse with the cell membrane to release their contents.
MCQs
1. In a market economy, resources are allocated by
A. the government
B. the free market
C. the consumers
D. the producers
B. The free market
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes in cells that processes proteins. It is a type of organelle, along with the nucleus and mitochondria. The endoplasmic reticulum is made up of two types of membranes: the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for releasing proteins from the cell, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for synthesizing proteins.
The Function of Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous network of tubes and sacs that extends throughout the cytoplasm of a cell. The ER plays a number of important roles in the cell, including:
1. Synthesizing proteins: The ER is the site of protein synthesis. Proteins are synthesized on ribosomes attached to the ER membrane and then transported to other parts of the cell.
2. Processing proteins: The ER is also responsible for processing proteins. Proteins that are to be transported outside of the cell are modified in the ER, including the addition of a signal sequence that allows them to be recognized and transported by the cell’s protein transport machinery.
3. Transporting proteins: The ER is responsible for transporting proteins to other parts of the cell. Proteins that are to be exported from the cell are packaged into vesicles that bud off from the ER membrane.
4. Regulating cell function: The ER plays a role in regulating cell function by controlling the production of proteins and hormones.
Golgi Body
The Golgi body is a structure in the cell that helps to process and package proteins for transport. The Golgi body is made up of a series of stacked membranes, and proteins are processed and packaged in the spaces between the membranes. The proteins are then transported to other parts of the cell or to the cell membrane, where they are released into the outside environment.
The Function of Golgi Body
The Golgi body is a cellular organelle that is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is named after Italian biologist Camillo Golgi, who discovered it in 1898. The Golgi body is responsible for the processing and packaging of proteins and lipids that are secreted from the cell. It is also responsible for the transport of these proteins and lipids to the cell surface.
Similarities between Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Body
One similarity between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi body is that they are both organelles. Another similarity is that they both play a role in the processing of proteins.
