Table of Contents
preparation-of-p-nitroacetanilide
To a mixture of ethanol (10 ml) and concentrated HCl (1 ml) was added p-nitroacetanilide (0.5 g). The mixture was heated on a water bath for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with water (50 ml), and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 20 ml). The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give p-nitroacetanilide (0.3 g) as a colorless oil.
Introduction to Preparation of p-Nitroacetanilide
Nitro groups are particularly reactive and can be displaced by other nucleophiles. In the preparation of p-nitroacetanilide, the nitro group is displaced by acetanilide, an amide. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide, to provide a nucleophile to displace the nitro group. The products of the reaction are the desired p-nitroacetanilide and sodium nitrite.
Main Objective of p-Nitroacetanilide
The main objective of p-nitroacetanilide is to produce aniline. Acetanilide is first converted into p-nitroacetanilide, which is then converted into aniline.
Principle of p-Nitroacetanilide
The principle of p-nitroacetanilide is that it is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. It is used as a reagent in the qualitative analysis of cations.
What is p-Nitroacetanilide?
p-Nitroacetanilide is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)NH2NO2. It is a white solid that is soluble in water.
Preparation of Para Nitro Acetanilide From Acetanilide
A mixture of acetanilide (12.0 g, 0.1 mol) and para nitrobenzene (14.4 g, 0.1 mol) in 100 ml of ethanol is refluxed for 3 hours. The reaction mixture is then cooled to room temperature and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to give a brown oil which is purified by column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/hexane, 1:9) to give para nitro acetanilide (7.2 g, yield 58%).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ ppm 7.27 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.72 (s, 3H), 2.57 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.37 (dd, J=10.5, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 2.06 (dd, J=10.5, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 1.82 (s, 3H).
Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of eight weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of irisin and visfatin in overweight and obese women.
Theory
Theory is a systematic, abstract, and general formulation of knowledge about some aspect of the world. Theory is contrasted with practice, which refers to the actual doing or using of something. The word “theory” is often used to denote a general belief or conjecture, while “theory” in the scientific sense refers to a well-supported and well-tested explanation of some aspect of the world.
Theories are used in many different fields, including mathematics, physics, biology, and sociology. In each of these fields, theories provide a way of understanding and organizing knowledge about a particular subject. Theories are also used to make predictions about the world, and to test these predictions against reality.
Theories are not always correct, and they may be revised or replaced as new information is discovered. However, a well-supported and well-tested theory is often more reliable than a hunch or guess.
