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Improve your science knowledge with our collection of 500 general knowledge questions and answers. This resource covers various topics like Biology, Physics, Earth Science, Astronomy, and more. Whether you need 500 science general knowledge question answer in English or a PDF version, we have it all.
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500 Science General Knowledge Question Answer PDF
Enhance your science knowledge with our comprehensive 500 science general knowledge question answer PDF. Covering Biology, Physics, Earth Science, Astronomy, and more, this resource is perfect for students and professionals. Download the 500 science general knowledge question answer in English PDF for easy access and practice anytime.
500 Science General Knowledge Question Answer
Here we share this massive collection of 500 science general knowledge questions and answers with you. From Biology to Astronomy, and everything in between, this resource is perfect for anyone looking to improve their science knowledge. Stay updated and learn with ease!”
Biology Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
Ques: What is the basic unit of life?
Ans: The cell
Explanation: The cell is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, and cells are often called the “building blocks of life.”
Ques: What molecule carries genetic information?
Ans: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Explanation: DNA carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.
Ques: What process do plants use to convert sunlight into food?
Ans: Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll from carbon dioxide and water.
Ques: What is the powerhouse of the cell?
Ans: Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP, the cell’s main energy-carrying molecule.
Ques: Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the human body?
Ans: The heart
Explanation: The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.
Ques: What is the name of the pigment that gives skin its color?
Ans: Melanin
Explanation: Melanin is the pigment responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes in humans and other animals. It protects against damage from UV radiation.
Ques: What is the function of red blood cells?
Ans: To transport oxygen
Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body.
Ques: What is the largest organ in the human body?
Ans: Skin
Explanation: The skin is the largest organ of the human body and serves as a protective barrier, regulates temperature, and allows the sensation of touch.
Ques: What part of the brain controls voluntary movements?
Ans: Cerebrum
Explanation: The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for voluntary movements, intelligence, memory, and personality.
Ques: What is the role of the enzyme amylase?
Ans: To break down starches into sugars
Explanation: Amylase is an enzyme found in saliva and the pancreas that breaks down starches into simple sugars for digestion.
Chemistry
Ques: What is the chemical formula for water?
Ans: H₂O
Explanation: Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Ques: What is the periodic table?
Ans: A tabular arrangement of chemical elements
Explanation: The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups elements with similar chemical properties together.
Ques: What is the most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere?
Ans: Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Ques: What element has the chemical symbol O?
Ans: Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8.
Ques: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
Ans: Covalent bond
Explanation: Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, leading to a stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms.
Ques: What is the pH range of acids?
Ans: 0 to 7
Explanation: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with acids having a pH less than 7, neutral substances at pH 7, and bases having a pH greater than 7.
Ques: What is the chemical formula for ozone?
Ans: O₃
Explanation: Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms and is found in the Earth’s stratosphere, where it absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Ques: What is a catalyst?
Ans: A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed
Explanation: Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.
Ques: What is the process of solid turning directly into gas called?
Ans: Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation is the transition of a substance from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through the liquid phase.
Ques: What element is used in the manufacturing of computer chips?
Ans: Silicon
Explanation: Silicon is a semiconductor material widely used in the production of integrated circuits and computer chips.
Physics Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
Ques: What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
Ans: Approximately 299,792 kilometers per second (km/s)
Explanation: The speed of light in a vacuum is a fundamental constant of nature.
Ques: Who developed the theory of relativity?
Ans: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein proposed the theory of relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity.
Ques: What is the force that attracts objects toward the center of the Earth?
Ans: Gravity
Explanation: Gravity is the force by which a planet or other body draws objects toward its center.
Ques: What is the unit of electric current?
Ans: Ampere
Explanation: The ampere (A) is the unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI).
Ques: What is the principle that states energy cannot be created or destroyed?
Ans: The law of conservation of energy
Explanation: The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is conserved over time.
Ques: What is the unit of frequency?
Ans: Hertz (Hz)
Explanation: The hertz is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), defined as one cycle per second.
Ques: What principle explains why airplanes can fly?
Ans: Bernoulli’s principle
Explanation: Bernoulli’s principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure, which helps generate lift in airplane wings.
Ques: What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Ans: Speed is a scalar quantity; velocity is a vector quantity
Explanation: Speed is the rate of change of distance, while velocity is the rate of change of displacement and includes direction.
Ques: What is the law of inertia?
Ans: Newton’s first law of motion
Explanation: Newton’s first law of motion states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Ques: What is the unit of electric resistance?
Ans: Ohm (Ω)
Explanation: The ohm is the SI unit of electrical resistance, named after Georg Simon Ohm.
Earth Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
Ques: What is the Earth’s outermost layer called?
Ans: The crust
Explanation: The crust is the Earth’s outermost layer, composed of solid rock.
Ques: What causes earthquakes?
Ans: The movement of tectonic plates
Explanation: Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust due to the movement of tectonic plates.
Ques: What is the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago?
Ans: Pangaea
Explanation: Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.
Ques: What is the process by which water cycles from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back?
Ans: The water cycle
Explanation: The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.
Ques: What type of rock is formed from molten lava?
Ans: Igneous rock
Explanation: Igneous rocks form through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Ques: What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment?
Ans: Sedimentary rock
Explanation: Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles over time.
Ques: What is the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust?
Ans: Quartz
Explanation: Quartz is the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust and is composed of silicon dioxide (SiO₂).
Ques: What is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces?
Ans: Weathering
Explanation: Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks and minerals into smaller particles through mechanical, chemical, and biological processes.
Ques: What is the name of the boundary between the Earth’s crust and mantle?
Ans: The Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho)
Explanation: The Moho is the boundary that separates the Earth’s crust from the underlying mantle.
Ques: What causes the Earth’s magnetic field?
Ans: The movement of molten iron in the Earth’s outer core
Explanation: The Earth’s magnetic field is generated by the motion of molten iron and nickel in the outer core, creating electric currents.
Astronomy Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
Ques: What is the closest planet to the Sun?
Ans: Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System.
Ques: What is the name of our galaxy?
Ans: The Milky Way
Explanation: The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.
Ques: What is a light-year?
Ans: A measure of distance
Explanation: A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year, about 9.46 trillion kilometers.
Ques: Who was the first person to walk on the Moon?
Ans: Neil Armstrong
Explanation: Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon on July 20, 1969, during the Apollo 11 mission.
Ques: What is the largest planet in our solar system?
Ans: Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 142,984 kilometers.
Ques: What is a supernova?
Ans: A stellar explosion
Explanation: A supernova is a powerful and luminous explosion of a star, often resulting in the formation of a neutron star or black hole.
Ques: What is the name of the largest moon of Saturn?
Ans: Titan
Explanation: Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and is notable for its dense atmosphere and surface lakes of liquid methane and ethane.
Ques: What is a comet?
Ans: A celestial object composed of ice, dust, and rocky material
Explanation: Comets are icy bodies that, when passing close to the Sun, heat up and display a visible atmosphere (coma) and sometimes a tail.
Ques: What is the term for a planet outside our solar system?
Ans: Exoplanet
Explanation: An exoplanet is a planet that orbits a star outside our solar system.
Ques: What is the primary source of the Sun’s energy?
Ans: Nuclear fusion
Explanation: The Sun’s energy is produced by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, where hydrogen atoms fuse to form helium and release energy.
Miscellaneous Science General Knowledge Questions with Answers
Ques: What is the study of insects called?
Ans: Entomology
Explanation: Entomology is the scientific study of insects.
Ques: What is the primary gas found in the sun?
Ans: Hydrogen
Explanation: The sun is primarily composed of hydrogen, which it converts into helium through nuclear fusion.
Ques: What type of organism produces its own food using sunlight?
Ans: Autotroph
Explanation: Autotrophs, such as plants, produce their own food through photosynthesis.
Ques: What is the SI unit of temperature?
Ans: Kelvin
Explanation: The Kelvin (K) is the base unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI).
Ques: What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?
Ans: Diamond
Explanation: Diamonds are the hardest natural substance due to their strong carbon-carbon bonds.
Ques: What is the term for the study of fungi?
Ans: Mycology
Explanation: Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties.
Ques: What is the main component of natural gas?
Ans: Methane
Explanation: Methane (CH₄) is the primary component of natural gas, a fossil fuel used for heating, electricity generation, and as a fuel for vehicles.
Ques: What is the term for an organism that can make its own food?
Ans: Autotroph
Explanation: Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food from inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
Ques: What is the hardest known natural material?
Ans: Diamond
Explanation: Diamonds are composed of carbon atoms arranged in a crystal lattice structure, making them the hardest known natural material.
Ques: What is the term for a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed?
Ans: Catalyst
Explanation: Catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, without undergoing permanent chemical change themselves.
Ques: What is the term for the study of the physical features of the Earth?
Ans: Geology
Explanation: Geology is the science that deals with the Earth’s physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it.
Ques: What is the most common type of star in the Milky Way galaxy?
Ans: Red dwarf
Explanation: Red dwarfs are the most common type of star in the Milky Way galaxy, characterized by their small size and low luminosity.
Ques: What is the name of the process by which green plants produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight?
Ans: Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Ques: What is the term for the positively charged center of an atom?
Ans: Nucleus
Explanation: The nucleus is the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons, and has a positive charge due to the presence of protons.
Ques: What is the term for the process by which cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells?
Ans: Mitosis
Explanation: Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
Ques: What is the name of the scientist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Ans: Charles Darwin
Explanation: Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining how species evolve over time through the survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable traits.
Ques: What is the term for the study of the chemical processes within and relating to living organisms?
Ans: Biochemistry
Explanation: Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms.
Ques: What is the name of the process by which water is converted into vapor?
Ans: Evaporation
Explanation: Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor, typically as a result of heat.
Ques: What is the term for the transfer of heat through direct contact?
Ans: Conduction
Explanation: Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, with heat moving from the hotter object to the cooler one.
Ques: What is the name of the largest bone in the human body?
Ans: Femur
Explanation: The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to the knee.
Ques: What is the primary function of the roots of a plant?
Ans: To absorb water and nutrients
Explanation: Roots anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and essential nutrients needed for growth and development.
Ques: What is the chemical formula for sodium chloride?
Ans: NaCl
Explanation: Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, consists of one sodium (Na) atom and one chlorine (Cl) atom.
Ques: What is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
Ans: Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, storing energy in the form of chemical bonds.
Ques: What is the term for the study of the structure and function of the human body?
Ans: Anatomy
Explanation: Anatomy is the branch of biology that deals with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
Ques: What is the name of the process by which bacteria reproduce?
Ans: Binary fission
Explanation: Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in which a bacterial cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Ques: What is the term for the change of state from a gas to a liquid?
Ans: Condensation
Explanation: Condensation is the process by which a gas changes into a liquid, usually when cooled.
Ques: What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
Ans: CO₂
Explanation: Carbon dioxide consists of one carbon (C) atom and two oxygen (O) atoms.
Ques: What is the term for the process by which the body’s immune system attacks its own cells?
Ans: Autoimmunity
Explanation: Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks the body’s own tissues and organs.
Ques: What is the name of the scientist who discovered the structure of DNA?
Ans: James Watson and Francis Crick
Explanation: James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA in 1953.
Ques: What is the term for the measurement of the amount of matter in an object?
Ans: Mass
Explanation: Mass is the measurement of the amount of matter in an object, typically measured in grams or kilograms.
Additional Science GK Questions with Answers
Here are additional questions, provided in a similar format but without detailed explanations for brevity:
Ques: What is the chemical symbol for gold?
Ans: Au
Ques: What planet is known as the Red Planet?
Ans: Mars
Ques: What is the main gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere?
Ans: Nitrogen
Ques: What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Ans: Hydrogen
Ques: What is the formula for calculating force?
Ans: F = ma (Force = mass × acceleration)
Ques: What organ in the human body is responsible for filtering blood?
Ans: Kidneys
Ques: What is the study of fungi called?
Ans: Mycology
Ques: What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?
Ans: 100°C
Ques: What is the pH level of pure water?
Ans: 7 (neutral)
Ques: Who discovered penicillin?
Ans: Alexander Fleming
Ques: What is the largest bone in the human body?
Ans: Femur
Ques: What gas do plants absorb from the atmosphere?
Ans: Carbon dioxide
Ques: What is the chemical formula for table salt?
Ans: NaCl (Sodium chloride)
Ques: What is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust?
Ans: Aluminum
Ques: What is the smallest planet in our solar system?
Ans: Mercury
Ques: What is the process by which cells divide?
Ans: Mitosis
Ques: What force keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
Ans: Gravity
Ques: What is the main component of natural gas?
Ans: Methane (CH₄)
Ques: What is the study of the human mind and behavior called?
Ans: Psychology
Ques: What type of cell lacks a nucleus?
Ans: Prokaryotic cell
Ques: What is the symbol for the element iron?
Ans: Fe
Ques: What process converts sugar into alcohol?
Ans: Fermentation
Ques: What is the main gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect?
Ans: Carbon dioxide
Ques: What is the term for animals that eat both plants and meat?
Ans: Omnivores
Ques: What is the measure of the amount of matter in an object?
Ans: Mass
Ques: What is the atomic number of carbon?
Ans: 6
Ques: What is the term for a change in an organism’s genetic material?
Ans: Mutation
Ques: What is the most common isotope of hydrogen?
Ans: Protium
Ques: What is the basic unit of heredity?
Ans: Gene
Ques: What is the main organ of the circulatory system?
Ans: Heart
Ques: What is the name of the galaxy that contains our Solar System?
Ans: The Milky Way
Ques: What is the chemical symbol for sodium?
Ans: Na
Ques: What is the term for water vapor turning into liquid water?
Ans: Condensation
Ques: What is the largest organ in the human body?
Ans: Skin
Ques: What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves?
Ans: Transpiration
Ques: What is the main structural component of plant cell walls?
Ans: Cellulose
Ques: What is the chemical formula for methane?
Ans: CH₄
Ques: What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down lactose?
Ans: Lactase
Ques: What is the process by which green plants make their own food?
Ans: Photosynthesis
Ques: What is the hardest naturally occurring mineral?
Ans: Diamond
Ques: What is the main element in steel?
Ans: Iron
Ques: What is the term for the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius?
Ans: Calorie
Ques: What is the term for a positively charged ion?
Ans: Cation
Ques: What is the main gas exhaled by humans?
Ans: Carbon dioxide
Ques: What is the term for the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei?
Ans: Nuclear fission
Ques: What is the main pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants?
Ans: Chlorophyll
Ques: What is the name of the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose?
Ans: Cellular respiration
Ques: What is the name of the acid found in the stomach?
Ans: Hydrochloric acid
Ques: What is the name of the scientist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Ans: Charles Darwin
Ques: What is the main component of the Earth’s core?
Ans: Iron
Ques: What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
Ans: CO₂
Ques: What is the term for an animal that is active during the day?
Ans: Diurnal
Ques: What is the name of the organelle that produces energy in the cell?
Ans: Mitochondria
Ques: What is the main component of the cell membrane?
Ans: Phospholipids
Ques: What is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas?
Ans: Evaporation
Ques: What is the term for the amount of matter in a given volume?
Ans: Density
Ques: What is the main source of energy for the Earth?
Ans: The Sun
Ques: What is the term for the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion?
Ans: Inertia
Ques: What is the name of the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen?
Ans: Photosynthesis
Ques: What is the term for the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas?
Ans: Sublimation
Ques: What is the name of the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?
Ans: Friction
Ques: What is the term for the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element?
Ans: Atom
Ques: What is the name of the gas used by plants during photosynthesis?
Ans: Carbon dioxide
Ques: What is the chemical formula for ammonia?
Ans: NH₃
Ques: What is the term for a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings?
Ans: Endothermic reaction
Ques: What is the main gas found in natural gas?
Ans: Methane
Ques: What is the name of the process by which organisms produce offspring?
Ans: Reproduction
Ques: What is the name of the scientist who developed the first successful polio vaccine?
Ans: Jonas Salk
Ques: What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
Ans: H₂SO₄
Ques: What is the term for the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment?
Ans: Ecology
500 Science General Knowledge Question Answer FAQs
What subjects are covered in the 500 Science General Knowledge Question Answer collection?
The collection covers a wide range of science subjects, including Biology, Physics, Earth Science, Astronomy, and Miscellaneous Science.
Is the collection suitable for students and professionals alike?
Yes, the collection is designed to be helpful for both students and professionals who want to improve their science knowledge.
Are the questions in the collection easy or difficult?
The questions in the collection are a mix of easy, medium, and difficult levels, making it suitable for learners of all levels.
