Table of Contents
Introduction: Bacteria Bacillus Thuringiensis
The mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis and fungus Beauveria bassiana is an effective biological control system for the caterpillar of the moth Spodoptera litura, a serious pest of rice and other crops. The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis are use for biological control of various pests. Bacillus thuringiensis is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological insecticide.
Bacillus thuringiensis produces Cry proteins which are toxic to caterpillars of moths and butterflies, beetles and other herbivorous insects. The function of Cry toxins is to bind to specific receptors on the surface of the midgut epithelium of susceptible insects, forming pores that allow the entrance of water and ions, resulting in paralysis and death. The Cry toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis encode by cry genes. Different cry genes encode different Cry toxins that are selective for different insect species.
B. thuringiensis can be used as a biological control agent against the caterpillars of moths and butterflies in two ways:
The bacteria can be sprayed on crops that are infested with caterpillars. The caterpillars will ingest the bacteria and die. The bacteria can be incorporated into the soil. The caterpillars will ingest the bacteria while feeding on the roots of plants and die.
Use of Bacillus Thuringiensis in Organic Farming
- Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium that is used as a biological pesticide. It is spray on crops to control pests such as caterpillars, beetles, and flies. When the pests eat the Bt-treated crops, they die.
- Bt is a natural pesticide and is therefore classified as an organic pesticide. It is non-toxic to humans and other animals and does not harm the environment.
- Bt is effective in controlling a wide range of pests and can be use on many different types of crops. It is also relatively inexpensive to produce.
- However, there are some drawbacks to using Bt. First, it can take a few days for the Bt to take effect, so it is not always immediate pest control. Second, Bt is not effective against all types of pests. And finally, repeated use of Bt can lead to the development of resistance in some pests, making the pesticide less effective.
Bacillus Thuringiensis Products
Bacillus thuringiensis products are a group of naturally occurring bacteria that produce proteins that are toxic to certain types of insects. The proteins are ingest by the insects, where they work to break down the gut lining and cause death. B. thuringiensis products are use as a natural insecticide in organic farming, and they are also available in commercial products that can be use to control pests in gardens and homes.
Bacillus Thuringiensis Application
- Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium that produces a protein that is lethal to certain types of insects. This protein is call a toxin and find in the bacteria’s cell wall. When an insect eats the bacterium, the toxin is release and attacks the insect’s gut. This can cause the insect to die.
- Bt is use as a pesticide to kill insects that damage crops. The toxin is spray on the crops or added to the soil. When the insects eat the crops, they ingest the toxin and die. Bt is also use to control insect pests in indoor settings, such as in greenhouses.
- The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from infection and disease. The immune system is divide into two categories: the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system.
- The innate immune system is the first line of defense against infection and includes the skin, mucous membranes, and white blood cells. The innate immune system is always active and does not require activation by a foreign invader.
- The adaptive immune system is the second line of defense against infection and includes the lymphatic system and white blood cells. The adaptive immune system activate by a foreign invader and can adapt and change in response to that invader.
