SST CBSE Class 10 Economics Sectors of Indian Economy HOTS
Q.1. Study the given bar graph carefully, and answer the following questions:
(i) Which was the largest producing sector in 1970-71?
(ii) Which was the largest producing sector in 2010-117 [CBSE 2008 (D)]
(iii) Can you say which sector has grown the most over the past thirty years ?
(iv) What Was the GDP of India in 2010-11 ?
Ans.(i) Primary sector.
(ii) Tertiary sector.
(iii) It is the service or the tertiary sector which has grown the most over the past thirty years.
(iv) About 5000000 crore rupees.
Q.2.Study the given bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What was the share of the primary sector in the GDP in 1970-71 ?
(ii) Which sector has the highest share in the year 2010-11 ?
(iii) Which sector has the lowest share in the year 2010-11 ?
Ans.(i) Primary sector-45%.
(ii) Tertiary sector.
(iii) Primary sector.
Q.3.Study the given bar graph, and answer the following questions:
(i) What was the share of the primary sector in employment in the year 1970-71?
(ii) What was the share of primary sector in employment in the year 2009-10?
(iii) Which sector has the lowest share in the employment in 2009-10 ?
Ans. (i) More than 70%.
(ii) 55%.
(iii) Secondary sector.
Q.4. Describe any four points of importance of primary sector in the Indian economy. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]
Ans. (i) It forms the base for all other sectors. Primary sector contributes more than 40% to the GDP of India.
(ii) Its employment share is more than 60%.
(iii) It is the most labour absorbing sector of Indian economy.
(iv) It covers agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry which all contribute to the Indian economy.
Q.5. Explain any four points of importance of secondary sector in the Indian economy. [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008, Sept. 2013]
Ans. (i) Secondary sector contributes more than 20% to the GDP of India.
(ii) It provides employment to the people.
(iii) It provides goods to the people like cloth, sugarcane, iron and steel.
(iv) Secondary sector promotes the development of primary and tertiary sector.
Q.6. Study the data given in the table and answer the questions that follow :
(i) Which is the most important sector that provides most jobs to the people ?
(ii) What is the number of persons engaged in the unorganised sector ?
(iii) Why is this unorganised sector more important ? Give one reason.
(iv) Which is the most important organised sector ? Give one reason.
Ans.
Q.7. What is Gross Domestic Product ? How do we count the various goods and services for calculating Gross Domestic Product ? Explain with examples. [CBSE 2009 (F), 2010 (D)]
Or
How do we count various goods and services ? What precautions should be taken while counting goods and services ? [CBSE 2013]
Ans. We calculate GDP to count value of goods and services. It is the market value of final goods and services produced in a country in a year.
(i) The final value of goods and services produced in a sector is calculated.
(ii) Only the final value of a product or service is taken into, account to avoid double counting. For example, suppose a farmer sells wheat to a flour mill for ? 8. The mill grinds it and sells it to a baker for ? 10 and then baker after converting it into a
bread sells to a consumer for ? 20. Here the final product is bread so ? 20 should be added not ? 8 + ? 10 + ? 20 = ? 38.
(iii) Similarly, the final value of products or services produced is calculated.
(iv) The sum total of all the final goods and services produced in all the sectors provide GDR
Q.8. Explain with suitable examples that which part of the service sector is not growing in importance. [CBSE 2009 (D)]
Ans. (i) The unorganised sector of the service sector is not growing in importance.
(ii) A large number of workers in the small- scale industries, casual workers in construction, trade and transport, vendors and load workers, etc., barely manage to earn a living, but still they are working because they do not have any alternative.
(iii) Their earnings are low and not regular.
(iv) They are paid a very low salary and their is no job security.
Q.9, What is a “natural product”? Explain its importance in an industrial sector with suitable examples. [CBSE 2012]
Ans. (i) Natural products are those agricultural products which are extracted’from natural resources. For examples, vegetables, fruits and milk.
(ii) These natural products are further utilized as raw materials which are further processed and converted into finished goods by the industrial sector.
(iii) (a) For example, sugarcane is processed and converted to sugar.
(b) Cotton is processed and converted to yarn.
Q.10. What is GDP ? Assess the contribution of Secondary and Tertiary Sectors to the GDP of India. [CBSE 2012]
Ans. (i) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) refers to the money value of final goods and services produced in each sector.
(ii) (a) The contribution of secondary sector to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India is about 24%.
(b) The contribution of tertiary sector to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India is about 53%.
Q.11. State any three adverse effects of unemployment. [CBSE 2013]
Ans. (i) Unemployment is said to exist when people who are willing to work at the going wages, cannot find jobs. So, unemployment leads to wastage of manpower resource.
(ii) People who are an asset for the economy, turn into a liability.
(iii) There is a feeling of hopelessness and despair among the youth.
(iv) People do not have enough money to support their family. Inability of educated people who are willing to work to find gainful employment implies a great social waste.
(v) Unemployment tends to increase economic overload. The dependence of the unemployed on the working population increases. The quality of life of an individual as well as of society is adversely affected.
Q.12. On the baste of the given table, answer the following questions:
(a) What changes do you observe in the primary sector in the field of employment ?
(b) Mention the percentage share of primary sector in GDP in 1973.
(c) Why does the primary sector continue to be the largest employer in India ? [CBSE 2013]
Ans. (a) It is observed that there has been a nominal change in the primary sector in the field of employment. The percentage share of primary sector in employment decreased from 72% in 1973 to only 61%in 2003.
(b) The percentage share of primary sector in GDP in 1973 was 45%.
(c) This is because, not enough jobs were created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Even though industrial output went up by eight times during the period, employment in the industry sector went up by only 2.5 times. Similarly, while production in the service sector rose by 11 times, employment in this sector rose less than three times.
Q.13. Describe the estimates of Planning Commission to create jobs in tourism and education. [CBSE2012]
Ans. (i) Planning Commission estimates that nearly 20 lakh jobs can be created in education sector alone.
(ii) More children to attend school, more teachers and more infrastructure will be required.
(iii) Planning Commission estimates that nearly 35 lakh jobs can be created in tourism sector.
(iv) Regional craft, cottage industry also can create jobs.
(v) New services like IT also may be job- generators.
Q.14. How can we create more employment opportunities in urban areas ? Explain with examples. [CBSE 2012]
Or
Suggest any three ways to create more employment avenues in urban sector. [CBSE 2011]
Ans. Ways to increase employment opportunities :
(i) Loan should be given at cheap rates and at less documentation.
(ii) Industries should be located where a large number of people may be employed.
(iii) Educational facilities should be improved and new schools should be set up. Education system should be made employment- oriented. Vocational training should be merged in mainstream education pattern.
(iv) Small-scale industries should be encouraged. Regional craft industries and services should be promoted.
(v) Tourism industries should be promoted.
