Extra Questions – Class 7 Civics Chapter 9 Struggles for Equality

Extra Questions – Struggles for Equality

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Prelude

Question 1.
What does the Indian Constitution recognise? What does it state?
Answer:

• All Indians are treated equally under the law, according to the Indian constitution.
• It stipulates that no one can be discriminated against because of his or her religion, sex, caste, or wealth.
• During elections in India, all adults have the same right to vote.
• People have utilized this ‘power over the ballot box to elect or replace their representatives.

 

Question 2.
Why does the feeling of equality that the ballot box provides not extend to the most people’s lives?
Answer:

The sense of equality provided by the voting box does not extend to the majority of people’s lives. This can be attributed to the following factors:

• The rising privatization of health services, as well as the neglect of government hospitals, have made it difficult for the majority of poor people, such as Kanta, Hakim Sheikh, and Aman, to access high-quality healthcare.
• A tiny juice vendor lacks the financial capacity to compete with the major corporations that sell branded drinks through costly advertising.
• Farmers like Swapna do not have the resources to grow cotton, so they must borrow money from dealers to do it. As a result, they are forced to sell their cotton at a lesser price.
• Melani like the millions of domestic workers across the country, is forced to endure the insults and hardships of working as a domestic help because she has no resources to set up something on her own.

 

Question 3.
State the main reasons why people do not have equality.
Answer:

• Poverty.
• Lack of resources.
• Discrimination on the basis of religion, caste and sex.
• Lack of dignity and respect for certain communities.

 

Question 4.
Are people discriminated on the basis of religion, caste or gender?
Answer:

Inequality can be caused by religion, caste, or gender. The Ansaris had the financial means to pay their rent, but they couldn’t find a place to rent. People were hesitant because of their religious beliefs.

• Because Om Prakash Valmiki was a Dalit, he had to sweep the schoolyard.
• Labor done by women is regarded as less valuable than work done by males.
• All of these forms of prejudice were based on social, cultural, or gender factors. Poverty, a lack of dignity, and a lack of respect for some cultures are frequently linked. It’s impossible to tell where one finishes and the other starts.
• Girls from Dalit, Adivasi, and Muslim backgrounds drop out of school. This is the result of a combination of factors such as a lack of resources, poverty, and societal discrimination.

 

Struggles for Equality

Question 1.
How do some people fight for removal of inequality in the society?
Answer:

• There are some people who are known and revered throughout the world—in every hamlet, village, city, and town—for their fight for equality.
• These persons spoke out against discrimination that they had experienced or witnessed.
• They are respected because they treat everyone with dignity and, as a result, they can be trusted.
• They are tasked with resolving communal issues.
• These individuals are frequently recognised because they have the support of a big number of people who have banded together to confront a specific issue of inequality.
• Several fights have erupted in India where people have banded together to fight for issues that they believe are essential.
• The women’s movement was founded by women to address issues of equality.
• The Tawa Matsya Sangh in Madhya Pradesh is another example of people coming together to fight for an issue.
• There are many such struggles like these among beedi workers, fisher folk, agricultural labourers and slum dwellers and each group is struggling for justice in its own way.
• There are also many attempts to form cooperatives or other collective ways by which people have more control over resources.

 

Tawa Matsya Sangh

Question 1.
What leads to displacement of people and communities?
Answer:
There are many reasons which displace people and communities for example:

• Thousands of people are relocated when dams are erected or woods are declared sanctuaries.
• Villages have been uprooted, and people must start over.
• When poor people’s bastis are transferred outside of cities in metropolitan regions,
• Distance disrupts their work and their children’s education.
• This type of eviction has becoming a widespread issue. To combat this, people or different organisations frequently band together. Tawa Matsya Sangh, for example.

 

Question 2.
What is TMS?
Answer:
TMS – The Federation of Fisherworker Cooperatives advocates for the rights of displaced forest inhabitants in Madhya Pradesh’s Satpura forest.

 

Question 3.
How was Tawa Matsya Sangh formed?
Answer:

• The Mahadeo Hills of the Chindwara district is the source of the Tawa river.
• It passes through Betul on its way to Hoshangabad, where it joins the Narmada.
• The construction of the Tawa dam began in 1958 and was finished in 1978.
• Large swaths of forest and agricultural land were inundated.
• Nothing was left for the woodland dwellers.
• Some of the displaced residents have taken up residence near the reservoir.
• Apart from their meagre fields, they made a living through fishing.
• They didn’t make much money.
• The government granted private contractors fishing rights in the Tawa reservoir in 1994.
• These contractors displaced local residents in order to obtain low-cost labour from elsewhere.
• They started bringing in hoodlums to frighten the residents who refused to leave.
• The villagers stood united and decided to set up an organisation and do something to protect their rights. Thus, the Tawa Matsya Sangh was formed.

 

Question 4.
How did Tawa Matsya Sangh achieve its goal of fishing right?
Answer:

The goal of Fishing Right Achieved: The newly established Tawa Matsya Sangh (TMS) staged a Chakka jam (road blockade) to seek the right to continue fishing for a living.

• The administration formed a committee in response to their protests.
• The committee proposed that the villages be awarded fishing rights to supplement their income.
• A five-year lease was agreed upon.
• The fish workers were able to significantly raise their profits when TMS took over because they established a cooperative that buys their catch at a reasonable price.
• The cooperative organizes transportation and sells it in markets where they can make a profit.
• They’ve started to make more money later.
• The TMS has also begun providing loans to fishermen for net repair and replacement.
• By Managing to earn a higher wage as well as preserving the fish in the reservoir, the TMS has shown that when people’s organisations get their rights to livelihood, they can be good managers.

 

Question 5.
Describe creative expression against inequality.
Answer:

• To combat inequity, some people join protest movements.
• Others, on the other hand, use their pen, voice, or talent to dance to bring attention to issues of inequity.
• Writers, singers, dancers, and artists have all made significant contributions to the battle against inequality.
• Poems, music, and stories can inspire us and make us believe firmly in a cause, influencing our attempts to address the problem.

The Indian Constitution as a Living Document

Question 1.
Give an account of the Indian Constitution as a living document.
Answer:

• The acknowledgment of equality among people is the foundation of all movements for justice and inspiration, as well as all poetry and songs about equality.’
• The Indian Constitution recognizes everyone’s equality.
• In India, movements, and fights for equality frequently allude to the Indian constitution to emphasize the importance of equality and justice for all.
• Tawa Matsya Sangh (TMS) fish workers expect that through participating in this movement, the Constitution’s provisions would become a reality.
• They use the Constitution as a ‘living document,’ i.e., something that has genuine relevance in our lives, by referring to it all the time.
• In a democracy, groups and individuals are always working to expand the concept of democracy and advocate for greater equality on existing and new concerns.

 

Question 2.
‘Issues of Equality Are Central to a Democracy’. Explain the statement.
Answer:

The Indian Constitution recognises everyone’s equality. Through laws and government programmes, the Constitution aids people in their fight for equality.

• Before the law, everyone is on an equal footing.
• There is no discrimination based on religion, caste, colour, or gender.
• All public places are open to the public.
• Untouchability is no longer an option.

 

Question 3.
What is important to curb discrimination?
Answer:
Inequality disproportionately affects the poor and marginalized. To achieve social and economic equality, each individual’s dignity and self-respect must be realized. We need to make sure they have enough money to support and nurture their family.

 

Multiple Choice Questions

Prelude

Question 1.
Which is full of examples of persons who have come together to fight against inequality and for issues of justice?
(a) Geography
(b) Economics
(c) History
(d) Biology
Answer:
History

 

Question 2.
What makes people of India equal?
(a) Religion
(b) Sex
(c) Vote
(d) None of these
Answer:
Vote

 

Question 3.
Which of the following creates difficulty for poor people?
(a) Privatisation
(b) Casteism
(c) Sex distribution
(d) All of these
Answer:
Privatization

 

Question 4.
Deficiency of what makes it difficult for the poor to establish their business?
(a) Deficiency of money to buy good resources
(b) Deficiency of efforts
(c) Deficiency of skills
(d) Deficiency of time
Answer:
Deficiency of money to buy good resources

 

Question 5.
Mainly the domestic workers have to face
(a) love of owner
(b) insult of owner
(c) respect of owner
(d) none of these
Answer:
insult of owner

 

Question 6.
What is the major reason of inequality?
(a) Poverty
(b) Religion
(c) Casteism
(d) None of these
Answer:
Poverty

 

Struggles for Equality

Question 1.
People who are known and respected because of
(a) fight for equality
(b) struggle for equality
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
fight for equality

 

Tawa Matsya Sangh

Question 1.
Thousands of people are displaced, what is the reason behind it?
(a) Foundation of dams
(b) Forest areas are declared sanctuaries for animals
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
Both (a) and (b)

 

The Indian constitution as a living document

Question 1.
What is central to Indian Democracy?
(a) Equality
(b) Discrimination
(c) Both of these
(d) None of these
Answer:
Equality

 

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
1. All Indians are equal before …………. .
2. Full form of TMS is ………………… a federation of …………….. .
3. Tawa river joins river ………………… in Hoshangabad.
4. Tawa dam began to be built in ……………….. and was completed in the year ………………… .
Answer:
1. law
2. Tawa Matsya Sangha, fishermen
3. Narmada
4. 1958, 1978.

 

Question 2.
State whether the given statements are true or false.
1. Poverty and lack of resources are the reasons of inequality in lives of people.
2. The Tawa Matsya Sangha is in Maharashtra.
3. In 1994 the government gave the right for fishing in Tawa reservoir to locals.
4. With the TMS taking over the fishing rights the earning of fishermen increased.
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True.

 

Question 3.
Match the contents of Column A with that of Column B.

Answer:
1. (b)
2. (d)
3. (c)
4. (a).