NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases And Salts

Short Answer Type Questions

1.Match the acids given in Column (A) with their correct source given in Column (B).

Ans. (a) —> (iv) (b) —> (iii) (c) —> (ii) (d) —> (i)

Lactic acid is present in curd, acetic acid is present in vinegar, citric acid is present in lemon and oxalic acid is present in tomato.

2.What will be the action of the following substances on litmus paper?

Dry.HCl gas, Moistened NH3 gas, Lemon juice, Carbonated soft drink, Curd, Soap solution.

Ans. Dry HC1 gas will not have any effect on litmus paper. Moistened NH3 gas will turn red litmus blue. Curd, lemon juice, carbonated soft drink will turn blue litmus red. Soap solution will turn red litmus blue.

3.Name the acid present in ant sting and give its chemical formula. Also give the common method to get relief from the discomfort caused by the ant sting.

Ans. Ant sting contains methanoic acid (formic acid). Its chemical formula is HCOOH. The common method to get relief is to apply paste of NaCO3 (baking soda) on it.

4.What happens when nitric acid is added to egg-shell?

Ans. Egg-shell is made up of calcium carbonate which will react with HNO3 to form C2(g) andH2(l) along with calcium nitrate.

CaCO₃+2HNO₃⟶Ca(NO₃)₂+CO2+H₂O

5.A student prepared solutions of (i) an acid and (ii) a base in two separate
beakers. She forgot to label the solutions and litmus paper is not available in the laboratory. Since, both the solutions are colourless, how will she distinguish between the two?

Ans. Add phenolphthalein to a portion of each solution in separate test tube. If it turns pink, the beaker contains base whereas if it remains colourless, it is an acid.
If phenolphthalein is not available, pH paper can be used. Acid will turn pH paper red, base will turn pH paper blue.

6.What are strong and weak acids? In the following list of acids, separate strong acids from weak acids. Hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, formic acid, sulphuric acid.

Ans. Strong acids are those acids which are completely ionised in aqueous solution. Weak acids are those which do not ionise completely in aqueous solution. Strong adds: HC1,HNO3 , H2SO4 Weak acids: Citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid.

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7.A dry pellet of a common base B, when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns sticky. The compound is also a by-product of chlor-alkali process. Identify B. What type of reaction occurs when B is treated with an acidic oxide? Write a balanced chemical equation for one such solution.

Ans. ‘B’ is NaOH. It absorbs moisture from atmosphere because it is hygroscopic in nature. It is obtained by product of chlor-alkali process. ‘B’ reacts with acidic oxide CO₂ to form salt and water. This reaction is called neutralisation reaction.

8.A sulphate salt of Group 2 element of the Periodic Table is a white, soft substance, which can be moulded into different shapes by making its dough. When this compound is left in open for sometime, it becomes a solid mass and cannot be used for moulding purposes. Identify the sulphate salt. Why does it show such a behaviour? Give the reaction involved.

Ans. Salt is CaS04 12 H20, Plaster of Paris, white soft substance. It can be dough, moulded into different shapes, as 2 moles of CaS0₄ share 1 mole of HgO molecule.

CaSO₄.12H₂O+3H₂O⟶CaSO₄.2H₂O. When it is left in open, it becomes solid mass CaS042H20 (Gypsum) which cannot be used for moulding purposes as it is hard solid mass.

9.When Zinc metal is treated with dilute solution of strong acid, a gas is involved which is utilized in hydrogenation of oil. Name the gas involved. Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved and also write a test to detect the gas formed.
Hydrogen gas is liberated

Ans. Zn(s)+H2SO₄(dil.)⟶ZnSO₄(aq)+H₂(g)

Test: Bring a burning splinter near the gas. The gas will burn with ‘Pop’ sound which shows gas is H₂.

10.In the following schematic diagram for the preparation of hydrogen gas as shown in the given figure, what would happen if following changes are made ?

(а)In place of zinc granules, same amount of zinc dust is taken in the test tube.

(b)Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken.

(c)In place of zinc, copper turnings are taken.

(d)Sodium hydroxide is taken in place of dilute sulphuric acid and the tube is heated.

Ans.

(a)The reaction will become faster because zinc dust has more surface area.

(b)Nearly same amount of hydrogen gas will be evolved.

(c)No reaction will take place as copper is less reactive than hydrogen.

(d)The reaction will take place and hydrogen gas will be evolved.

11.For making cake, baking powder is taken. If at home your mother uses baking soda instead of baking powder in cake.

(a)How will it affect the taste of the cake and why?

(b)How can baking soda be converted into baking powder?

(c)What is role of tartaric acid added to baking soda?

Ans.

(a)The cake will taste bitter due to formation of sodium carbonate.

(b)Tartaric acid should be added to baking soda to convert it into baking powder.

(c)Tartaric acid neutralizes sodium carbonate formed and will not make the taste bitter.

More Resources for Class 10

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Make a list of the concepts covered in NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science, Chapter 2

The fundamentals are covered in Chapter 2 of CBSE Solutions for 10th class Science. Understanding the chemical characteristics of bases and acids What happens when acids and bases come into contact with metals? What are the reactions of metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates with acids? What are the reactions of acids and bases?

Are NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 the best source of information for students?

To study effectively for the CBSE Term I exams, students should select the best reference book that will help them grasp the topics quickly. Infinity Learn teachers have produced chapter-by-chapter solutions to assist students in this endeavor. The solutions can be used when solving textbook problems to acquire a better understanding of the concepts that are vital for the exam.

Why should I use Infinity Learn NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Science Chapter 2 in Class 10?

The NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science have been developed by Infinity Learn topic specialists to assist students in grasping the concepts. The answers use simple and interactive language, which keeps the pupils engaged while studying. With the goal of helping students score higher on the CBSE Term I exams, shortcut methods and techniques for remembering crucial concepts are highlighted. The solutions are entirely based on the CBSE board's most recent syllabus and rules.