Biodiversity and Conservation Class 12 Biology MCQ with Answers

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Biodiversity and Conservation MCQ: Biodiversity and Conservation is an important topic in both the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus and the NEET exam syllabus. Understanding the concepts related to biodiversity, its importance, and various conservation strategies is crucial for students aspiring to excel in these exams. By practicing well-structured NEET Biology MCQs, students can strengthen their grasp on key topics and enhance their problem-solving skills. Solving Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs not only helps in achieving a good score in the CBSE board exam but also aids in cracking the NEET exam. Regular practice of these MCQs ensures better retention of concepts and boosts confidence, giving students an edge in both the CBSE Class 12 exams and NEET.

Biodiversity and Conservation MCQ Introduction

Biodiversity and Conservation chapter focuses on the variety of life forms on Earth and the need to preserve them. It refers to the variety of species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity present in nature. This chapter covers the significance of biodiversity in maintaining ecological balance, the threats it faces, and the various methods of conservation. Topics included in this chapter are:

Introduction to Biodiversity: Types of biodiversity (genetic, species, ecosystem).
Loss of Biodiversity: Causes of biodiversity loss, such as habitat destruction, climate change, and pollution.
Conservation of Biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ conservation methods, such as protected areas (national parks, wildlife sanctuaries) and gene banks.
Biodiversity Hotspots: Regions rich in biodiversity and the importance of their protection.
Threatened Species: The role of endangered species and efforts to protect them.

This chapter highlights the importance of conserving biodiversity to ensure a sustainable future for all life forms on Earth. By understanding and applying these concepts, and solving these Biodiversity and Conservation MCQ students can perform well in exams like CBSE Class 12 and NEET.

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Class 12 Biology Biodiversity and Conservation MCQ with Answers

1. What is biodiversity?
a) The variety of life forms in an ecosystem
b) The different species of plants only
c) The different species of animals only
d) The number of ecosystems in the world
Answer: a) The variety of life forms in an ecosystem

2. Which of the following is an example of in-situ conservation?
a) Zoos
b) Botanical gardens
c) National parks
d) Seed banks
Answer: c) National parks

3. Which of these is a major cause of biodiversity loss?
a) Afforestation
b) Habitat destruction
c) Reforestation
d) Sustainable farming
Answer: b) Habitat destruction

4. The term ‘biodiversity hotspot’ refers to:
a) Areas with high species diversity
b) Areas with low species diversity
c) Regions with only endangered species
d) Areas that are easy to access
Answer: a) Areas with high species diversity

5. Which of the following is a threatened species in India?
a) Bengal Tiger
b) House Sparrow
c) Pigeon
d) Common Frog
Answer: a) Bengal Tiger

6. What is an ex-situ conservation method?
a) Conservation of species in their natural habitat
b) Conservation of species outside their natural habitat
c) Plantation of trees in natural habitats
d) Controlled hunting to maintain population
Answer: b) Conservation of species outside their natural habitat

7. Which of the following is an example of ex-situ conservation?
a) Wildlife sanctuary
b) Botanical gardens
c) National park
d) Tiger reserves
Answer: b) Botanical gardens

8. What is the ‘Red Data Book’ used for?
a) Documenting common species
b) Providing information on extinct species
c) Listing endangered species
d) Tracking plant growth
Answer: c) Listing endangered species

9. What is the primary focus of conservation biology?
a) Enhancing biodiversity in urban areas
b) Protecting ecosystems and species from extinction
c) Encouraging the growth of human populations
d) Boosting economic development through forest products
Answer: b) Protecting ecosystems and species from extinction

10. Which of these methods aims to conserve genetic diversity?
a) Seed banks
b) Deforestation
c) Overfishing
d) Climate change
Answer: a) Seed banks

11. Which of the following is a biodiversity hotspot in India?
a) Thar Desert
b) Himalayan region
c) Indo-Gangetic Plain
d) Deccan Plateau
Answer: b) Himalayan region

12. The term ‘endangered species’ refers to species:
a) Which are not found in any habitat
b) Which are at risk of extinction in the near future
c) Which are newly discovered
d) Which are abundant and growing in numbers
Answer: b) Which are at risk of extinction in the near future

13. Which of these activities is most harmful to biodiversity?
a) Pollution
b) Eco-tourism
c) Sustainable farming
d) Organic farming
Answer: a) Pollution

14. Which of the following is NOT an example of an ecosystem service provided by biodiversity?
a) Water purification
b) Soil fertility maintenance
c) Increased carbon dioxide emissions
d) Pollination
Answer: c) Increased carbon dioxide emissions

15. Which is a benefit of biodiversity conservation?
a) Reduces species variety
b) Ensures ecosystem stability
c) Increases extinction rates
d) Causes imbalance in nature
Answer: b) Ensures ecosystem stability

16. Which of the following is NOT a threat to biodiversity?
a) Habitat fragmentation
b) Overexploitation
c) Climate change
d) Sustainable agriculture
Answer: d) Sustainable agriculture

17. Which of the following best describes the role of protected areas?
a) They support only a single species
b) They help in the sustainable harvesting of natural resources
c) They protect ecosystems and species from human interference
d) They focus on enhancing agricultural productivity
Answer: c) They protect ecosystems and species from human interference

18. Which of these factors is an example of a natural cause of biodiversity loss?
a) Deforestation
b) Wildfires
c) Overhunting
d) Pollution
Answer: b) Wildfires

19. What is the main goal of wildlife corridors?
a) To increase agricultural yield
b) To connect fragmented habitats for species migration
c) To increase the number of zoos
d) To reduce human population density
Answer: b) To connect fragmented habitats for species migration

20. Which of the following conservation methods involves breeding species in captivity and reintroducing them into the wild?
a) Ex-situ conservation
b) In-situ conservation
c) Habitat restoration
d) Species farming
Answer: a) Ex-situ conservation

21. What is the term used for the process of creating new protected areas?
a) Zoning
b) Restoration
c) Conservation planning
d) Habitat fragmentation
Answer: c) Conservation planning

22. Which of the following is an example of an endangered species in India?
a) Asiatic lion
b) Common crow
c) Rat snake
d) Blue whale
Answer: a) Asiatic lion

23. What is the primary focus of biosphere reserves?
a) Preservation of natural resources for economic growth
b) Protection and conservation of biodiversity
c) Increasing agricultural productivity
d) Industrial development
Answer: b) Protection and conservation of biodiversity

24. Which of these practices supports sustainable agriculture?
a) Using genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
b) Crop rotation and organic farming
c) Overuse of chemical pesticides
d) Desertification
Answer: b) Crop rotation and organic farming

25. The ‘IUCN Red List’ is a publication that:
a) Lists commercially valuable species
b) Documents the geographical distribution of species
c) Categorizes species based on their risk of extinction
d) Tracks the population of marine species
Answer: c) Categorizes species based on their risk of extinction

26. What is the term used for the introduction of non-native species into new ecosystems?
a) Invasive species
b) Native species
c) Symbiotic species
d) Endemic species
Answer: a) Invasive species

27. Which of the following is NOT a conservation effort?
a) Captive breeding programs
b) Deforestation
c) Establishment of wildlife sanctuaries
d) Afforestation
Answer: b) Deforestation

28. What is the most significant reason for the decline in amphibian populations?
a) Overhunting
b) Climate change and habitat destruction
c) Invasive species
d) Agricultural expansion
Answer: b) Climate change and habitat destruction

29. What is ‘gene pool’?
a) A collection of plants
b) A collection of genetic material in a population
c) A conservation method
d) A variety of animal species
Answer: b) A collection of genetic material in a population

30. Which of the following is a common example of a biodiversity hotspot?
a) Sahara Desert
b) Congo Basin
c) Rocky Mountains
d) Great Barrier Reef
Answer: b) Congo Basin

Biodiversity and Conservation High Level MCQ – NEET Exam Related

These Biodiversity and Conservation MCQ cover important concepts and complex ideas from Biodiversity and Conservation, targeting the advanced understanding needed for competitive exams like NEET. By mastering these concepts, students can improve their chances of excelling in such exams.

1. Which of the following is true about the ‘biodiversity hotspot’ concept as proposed by Norman Myers?
a) It must have at least 70% of its original vegetation destroyed.
b) It must contain 50% of the world’s plant species.
c) It must have 100 endemic species of birds.
d) It must only be located in tropical regions.
Answer: a) It must have at least 70% of its original vegetation destroyed.

2. Which of the following ecological concepts is correctly matched with its example?
a) Primary succession: Glacier retreat
b) Secondary succession: Volcano eruption
c) Climax community: Annual grasslands
d) Pioneer species: Oak trees
Answer: a) Primary succession: Glacier retreat

3. The major threat to biodiversity in the modern world is:
a) Natural disasters
b) Invasive species
c) Habitat fragmentation
d) Evolutionary adaptations
Answer: c) Habitat fragmentation

4. Which of the following is an example of a keystone species in an ecosystem?
a) Elephant
b) Lion
c) Beaver
d) Deer
Answer: c) Beaver

5. In the context of biodiversity conservation, the ‘edge effect’ refers to:
a) The increase in biodiversity at the boundary of two ecosystems
b) The decline in biodiversity at the boundary of ecosystems
c) The species extinction due to a single habitat loss
d) The adaptation of species at the borders of protected areas
Answer: b) The decline in biodiversity at the boundary of ecosystems

6. Which of the following statements is true regarding the ‘Green Belt Movement’ in Kenya?
a) It focuses on the protection of marine species.
b) It is a reforestation initiative led by Wangari Maathai.
c) It was started to conserve fish populations.
d) It promotes soil erosion by planting monoculture crops.
Answer: b) It is a reforestation initiative led by Wangari Maathai.

7. The concept of ‘biodiversity’ includes:
a) Only species richness
b) Only genetic diversity
c) Only ecosystem diversity
d) All the levels of variation: species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity
Answer: d) All the levels of variation: species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity

8. Which of the following is the primary goal of the “Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)”?
a) To facilitate the worldwide use of GMOs
b) To conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable use of its components
c) To promote commercial exploitation of natural resources
d) To create national parks in developed countries only
Answer: b) To conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable use of its components

9. Which of the following statements is correct about the ‘hotspot’ areas in India?
a) The Western Ghats and the Himalayas are considered biodiversity hotspots.
b) The Thar Desert is considered a biodiversity hotspot.
c) The Indo-Gangetic plains are a biodiversity hotspot.
d) All of India’s national parks are classified as biodiversity hotspots.
Answer: a) The Western Ghats and the Himalayas are considered biodiversity hotspots.

10. The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List is an important tool in:
a) Determining the biodiversity of national parks
b) Classifying species based on their conservation status
c) Estimating the population of species in wildlife sanctuaries
d) Assessing the productivity of ecosystems
Answer: b) Classifying species based on their conservation status