is present in cysteine and methionine and is the main constituent of several coenzymes.
The first stable product of biological nitrogen fixation is:
How many nitrogen molecules are required for the synthesis of 8 ammonia molecules during nitrogen fixation?
Slight increase in manganese concentration supplied to a plant from optimum level, can cause
Which of the following elements is a constituent of biotin?
Which two distinct microbial processes are responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen gas ( N 2 ) to the atmosphere?
In which of the following all three are macronutrients?
Match the following concerning essential elements and their functions in plants : Column I Column II (a) Iron (i) Photolysis of water (b) Zinc (ii) Pollen germination (c) Boron (iii) Required for chlorophyll biosynthesis (d) Manganese (iv) IAA biosynthesis Select the correct option :
Match Column I with Column II Column I Column II (a) Free living aerobic nitrogen fixer (i) Frankia (b) Free living anaerobic nitrogen fixer (ii) Azotobacter (c) Free living heterocystous cyanobacteria (iii) Anabaena (d) Symbiotic nitrogen fixer (iv) Clostridium
Match List I with List II and choose the correct match. List – I List – II A) Required for photolysis of water. i) Potassium B) Component of cytochrome oxidase ii) Manganese C) Component of nitrate reductase iii) Copper D) Main cation in establishing cell turgor. iv) Molybdenum
Which micronutrient element is required in larger amounts in comparison to other micronutrients?
Common element found in thiamine, biotin, Coenzyme A and ferredoxin is:
Absorption of the following element by plants growing near nuclear test sites can be observed.
Which of the following is not the criteria for essentiality of an element with respect to growth and development in plants?
During reductive amination, glutamate dehydrogenase converts:
Ammonifying bacteria in the soil:
Identify the free living and anaerobic nitrogen fixer.
Choose the element that does not follow the criteria for essentiality of an element in plant nutrition.
Match column I with column II Column I Column II a. Molybdenum i. Activates carboxylases. b. Zinc ii. Involved in the normal functioning of the cell membranes. c. Calcium iii. Component of enzyme nitrate reductase. d. Sulphur iv. Constituent of thiamine and biotin.
The first stable product of fixation of atmospheric nitrogen in leguminous plants is
Minerals known to be required in large amounts for plant growth include
The product(s) of reaction catalyzed by nitrogenase in root nodules of leguminous plants is/are :
Which of the following plants has association with Frankia ?
Nitrosomonas is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out:
Molybdenum is a component of several enzymes. Identify the correct pair of enzymes where it is present.
Chlorosis is caused due to deficiency of:
Which one of the following is not a micronutrient?
During biological fixation of 3 molecules of nitrogen, how many ATP and how many ammonia will be required and produced respectively?
List – I List – II A) Beneficial element i) Cobalt B) Micronutrient ii) Calcium C) Macronutrient iii) Copper D) Non-essential element iv) Gold
Consider critical concentration of magnesium in X plants to be 12 mmole/ kg of dry matter. At which of the following concentration of magnesium plant cells start producing deficiency symptoms.
Deficiency symptoms of relatively immobile elements will be seen first in a- Developing buds b- Young fruits c- Newly formed leaves d- Old leaves
Deficiency of which of the following element will be seen first in plant organs undergoing senescence: i- Nitrogen ii- Potassium iii- Magnesium iv- Calcium
Identify the correct statement about deficiency symptoms in plants.
Necrosis is a deficiency symptom where:
Translocation of calcium in shoot apices is inhibited by:
Concentration of Nickel will be considered toxic when it:
The process of absorption of elements by plants from soil solution can be demarcated into two main phases-first and second. Identify the incorrect statement about first phase.
Nitrogen is one of the major constituents of i- Protein ii- Nucleic acid iii- Vitamins iv- Hormones
An element helps to maintain an anion-cation balance in plant cells and is involved in protein synthesis, opening and closing of stomata, activation of enzymes, and in the maintenance of the turgidity of cells. This element could be:
Identify the incorrect statement about calcium.
Which of the following essential nutrient element is responsible for maintaining the structure of ribosomes?
Read the following statements related to the functions of element X. a- Activates the enzymes of respiration and photosynthesis b- Involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA c- Absorbed by plants in the form of divalent cation Identify the element X
Manganese is responsible for activation of enzymes taking part in i- Photosynthesis ii- Respiration iii- Nitrogen metabolism
For the pollen tube to emerge out of the germ pore, which of the following element is required?
Who for the first time demonstrated the technique of hydroponics?
Which is the technique used to determine the essentiality of mineral elements to plants for their growth and reproduction?
In plant tissues, micronutrients are generally required in small amounts, less than:
In the absence of an essential element: i- Plant cannot show normal growth ii- Plant cannot produce gametes iii- Plant cannot produce its next generation
Hydroponics is a successful technique for commercial production of I- Tomato II- Seedless cucumber III- Lettuce
Identify the element which is mainly obtained from atmosphere?
Element responsible for activation of enzyme nitrogenase in plant cells is a:
Lightning and UV radiations can cause reaction between nitrogen and oxygen, and it produces all the following except:
Statement A: Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient for both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Statement B: Plants compete with microbes for the unlimited nitrogen that is available in soil.
The enzyme nitrogenase is:
During symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by:
Which of the following are involved in nodule formation in soybean?
Thiobacillus is involved in:
Which amongst the following is not an example of structural element of a cell?
Which of the following element is particularly required by meristematic tissues and the metabolically active cells?
Arrange the principle stages in nodule formation in a leguminous plant in a correct sequence.
Statement A: Conversion of ammonia to nitrates by soil microbes is called nitrification. Statement B. During denitrification nitrate is converted to ammonia by microbes like Pseudomonas .
Identify the correct statement regarding biological nitrogen fixation.
Chlorosis is due to deficiency of :
The fixed nitrogen is exported in soyabean in the form of:
Deficiency symptoms of nitrogen and potassium are visible first in
The oxygen evolved during photosynthesis, comes from water molecules. Which one of the following pairs of elements is involved in this reaction?
During biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by
One of the following elements present in plant does not follow the criteria for the essentiality of elements in plants.
The bacterium Nitrosomonas converts
Which is essential for the growth of root tip?
Select the mismatch.
In which of the following forms is iron absorbed by plants?
Which of the following elements is responsible for maintaining turgor in cells?
Which type of element is Nickel in plant nutrition?
Which of the following statements is false?
Match the following. Functions of essential elements Essential elements A) Structural mineral element i) Phosphorus B) Structural non-mineral element ii) Nitrogen C) Element that can alter the osmotic potential of cell. iii) Oxygen D) Essential element which is component of energy related chemical compounds. iv) Potassium
Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out
Statement A: In hydroponics or water culture, the nutrient solution must be adequately aerated to obtain the optimum growth of the plant. Statement B: Root system of the plant requires proper amount of oxygen for respiration to release the energy required for active absorption of minerals of nutrient solution.
The legume Soybean exports the fixed nitrogen in its root nodules through xylem mainly in the form of
Choose the micronutrient among the following.
Arrange the following stages of root nodule formation in legumes in correct sequence. I. Infection thread formation II. Differentiation of specialized nitrogen fixing cells. III. Multiplication and colonization of Rhizobia around the roots. IV. Curling of root hair
Choose the pair of elements that play a role in normal functioning of cell membranes.
Choose the elements that can be absorbed in trivalent ionic form.
The process of nitrogen cycle that enrich the soil with ammonia are A. Ammonification B. Nitrification C. Nitrogen assimilation D. Biological Nitrogen fixation
Statement A: When there is deficiency of calcium, the younger leaves of the plant show necrosis. Statement B: Calcium is a mobile element.
A deficiency symptom shown due to the deficiency of an element can also be shown when some other element is also deficient. Deficiency of these pair elements leads to chlorosis as well as necrosis of the plant.
In Glycine max, the product of biological nitrogen fixation is transported from the root nodules to other parts as
Which of the following elements helps in maintaining the structure of ribosomes?
Which of the following bacteria reduce nitrate in soil into nitrogen ?
Name the element which is the main constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll and helps to maintain the ribosome structure.
Symptoms of Manganese toxicity are nothing but the deficiency symptoms of the following elements
Choose the incorrect match
The essential mineral element that can be absorbed in both cationic and anionic form is
The essential element that contributes for the formation of spindle apparatus is
During reductive amination ammonia reacts with α-ketoglutarate and forms:
Leghaemoglobin present in the nodules of leguminous plants helps in
Identify the micronutrient required in plants at relatively higher amount.
Potassium is not involved in
Which element helps to maintain the ribosome structure?
Pseudomonas is involved in the following stage of Nitrogen cycle.
Match the List I with List II and choose the correct match List – I List – II A) Nitrogenase i) Mg B) Alcohol dehydrogenase ii) Mo C) Rubisco iii) Fe D) Catalase iv) Zn
The following reaction is catalyzed by microbes of soil. The reaction belongs to which stage of Nitrogen cycle. 2 NH 3 + 3 O 2 2 NO 2 – + 2 H + + 2 H 2 O
Which of the following elements play an important role in biological nitrogen fixation?
Match the following with respect to absorption of minerals by plants from soil. List – I List – II A) Absorbed as monovalent cationic form i) Chlorine B) Absorbed as divalent anionic form ii) Calcium C) Absorbed as monovalent anionic form iii) Sulphur D) Absorbed as divalent cationic form iv) Potassium
The cells of the following structures of roots of legumes are involved in the formation of root nodules induced by Rhizobium .
In 1860, a German botanist, demonstrated for the first time plants could be grown to maturity in a defined mineral solution in complete absence of soil.
More than A elements of the B discovered so far are found in different plants. A B 1. 60 105 2. 10 60 3. 105 160 4. 100 105
On the basis of diverse function, essential elements are grouped into how many categories?
Which of the following is a beneficial element ? a. Si b. Na c. Co
Match the following column and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (A) Nitrogenase (i) Mg (B) Alcohol dehydrogenase (ii) Mo (C) Rubisco (iii) Fe (D) Catalase (iv) Zn A B C D 1. ii iv i iii 2. iii iv ii i 3. ii i iv iii 4. ii iii i iv
Which of the following statements best characterises micronutrients ?
Read the following statements. Which of them are correct ? A. The deficiency of any element can cause multiple symptoms. B. Same symptom may be caused by the deficiency of one or several different elements. C. Different plants respond differently to the deficiency of the same element.
How many of the given elements are required by plants in less than 10mmol/kg of dry matter ? C, P, Mn, Cu, B, S, K, Ca, Cl, Fe, Mg
Micronutrients are needed in very small amount because
Ferredoxin has
Hydroponics have been successfully employed as a technique for commercial production of a. tomato b. seedless cucumber c. lettuce
is required in more abundant quantities in the meristematic tissues, bud leaves and root tips.
Which of the following element is constituent of coenzyme A and biotin ?
Select the incorrectly matched pair.
Read the following statements and which of them are true (T) or false (F) w.r.t role of essential elements. A. Nitrogen is the essential nutrient required by plant in greatest amount. B. Potassium activates various enzymes, especially catalase. C. Manganese activates many enzymes involved in photosynthesis, respiration and nitrogen metabolism. D. Calcium is required during the formation of mitotic spindle. A B C D 1. T F F T 2. T F T T 3. T F F F 4. F F F T
All are physiological role of boron, except
Plants requiring two metallic compounds for chlorophyll synthesis are
The symptoms of toxicity are difficult to identify because of
Which one of the following statement is wrong ?
Any mineral ion concentration in tissues that reduces the dry weight of tissue by about is considered toxic.
Choose the incorrect statement w.r.t Mn toxicity.
The concentration of the essential element below which plant growth is retarded is termed as
Inhibition of cell divisions in plants is due to A concentration of B . A B 1. high Mo, S, N 2. low Mo, Mn, S 3. high K, N, Mo 4. low K, S, Mo, N
Mark the mismatched pair (w.r.t deficiency symptoms).
Sulphur is not a structural component of
Select the incorrect match.
Read the following statements and select the correct option. A. NPK are critical elements and are present in most of the fertiliser. B. A micronutrient is said to be toxic when present below the critical concentration.
Nitrogen is absorbed by the plants mainly as .
The first phase of mineral uptake in to free space or outer space A. involves apoplast B. is passive C. is a slow process
Read the following statements and select the correct option. A. Nitrogen is the most critical element. B. Nitrogen is constituents of amino acids, proteins and vitamins. C. Plants compete with microbes for the limited nitrogen that is available in soil.
(I) Ring structure of chlorophyll. (II) Helps to maintain ribosome structure. (III) Activator of RuBisCO and PEPcase. The above roles are played by
Select the incorrect matched pair.
Minerals associated with redox reactions are
An element involved in metabolism of urea is
Which amongst the following is a macronutrient?
Boron is required for:
Match the List I with List II and choose the correct match List – I List – II A) Involved in protein synthesis. i) Magnesium B) Helps in maintaining the structure of organelle involved in protein synthesis ii) Iron C) Not a part of green pigment but needed for its synthesis iii) Calcium D) Needed for spindle formation iv) Potassium
Deficiency of nitrogen, sulphur and molybdenum does not show the following symptom in plants.
Who for the first time demonstrated the technique of hydroponics?
Nitrogen is one of the major constituents of- i- Protein ii- Nucleic acid iii- Vitamins iv- Hormones
The deficiency of an essential element can be fulfilled by-
Root nodules in Alnus are due to association with
Identify the enzyme that is involved in the following reaction. α-ketoglutaric acid + NH 4 + + NADPH Glutamate+ H 2 O + NADP
The bacteria involved in nitrification step of nitrogen cycle is:
Filamentous bacterium that helps in nitrogen fixation in root nodules of non-legumes is:
During the formation of root nodules, the cells that show dedifferentiation are
In nature, lightning and ultraviolet radiation provide enough energy to convert nitrogen to:
Dentrification is carried out by
Fe and Mo are the components of the enzyme involved in
Identify the macronutrients that are not absorbed from the soil as mineral element.
Critical concentration of an essential element is the one: a- below which plant starts showing deficiency symptoms b- below which plant starts showing retarded growth
Identify the incorrect statement.
Deficiency symptoms of actively mobilized elements will be seen first in:
Deficiency in which of the following element will lead to necrosis in plant tissues?
Yellowing in leaves is seen due to the deficiency of:
Deficiency of which of the following compound will lead to wilting in plants?
Identify the elements having narrow range of concentration at which they are optimum. i- C ii- K iii- Mo iv- B
Moderate decrease in the concentration of which of the following element will lead to deficiency symptoms?
Identify the incorrect statement.
Identify the elements competing with manganese for uptake and binding with enzymes. i- Iron ii- Magnesium iii- Potassium
Excess of manganese in plant tissues may result into:
Translocation of minerals mainly takes place through:
Which of the following essential element of the plant is not mainly obtained from the soil
Soil plays an important role in plants growth and development by: a- Supplying essential mineral elements b- Holding water around the roots c- Providing habitat to various nitrogen fixing microbes d- Providing oxygen to roots
Identify the elements forming components of plant fertilizers. i- Nitrogen ii- Phosphorus iii- Potassium iv- Manganese
Which of the following technique can be used to confirm that minerals are mainly transported through xylem?
Absorbable form of iron is:
Which of the following is essential for all types of phosphorylation reactions to take place?
Identify the incorrect statement about nitrogen.
Which of the following essential element is required relatively in more abundant quantities in the meristematic tissues, buds, leaves and root tips?
Which of the following element is used to form middle lamella in plant cells?
Read the following statements. A: Nitrogen is particularly required by the meristematic tissues and the metabolically active cells. B: Calcium is required by meristematic and differentiating tissues.
Identify the set of elements essential for the formation of chlorophyll.
Element essentially required for the synthesis of auxin is:
Translocation of carbohydrates in phloem is assisted by:
Which of the following set of elements play important role in nitrogen metabolism?
In hydroponics, plants are grown in:
Deficiency of an essential element can be fulfilled by:
Which of the following element does not belong to the list of macronutrients required for plants growth and development?
Elements like C, H, O, N belong to which category with respect to the nutrition in plants?
Identify the beneficial elements required by higher plants. a- Sodium b- Silicon c- Cobalt d- Selenium e- Magnesium f- Manganese
One of the free-living, anaerobic nitrogen fixers is:
Infection thread releases bacteria into:
The first stable product of biological nitrogen fixation is:
Which of the following amino acid is usually involved in transamination as amino group donor for the formation of other amino acids to take part in protein formation?
Which of the following processes adds nitrogen to soil without the involvement of microorganisms.
The process that is the opposite to electrical atmospheric nitrogen fixation is:
Choose the essential micronutrient among the following
Statement A: Nitrosomonas is involved in nitrogen cycle. Statement B: Nitrosomonas has enzyme nitrogenase.
Choose the element whose deficiency does not cause chlorosis in plants.
In one of the following plant root nodules are not formed by Rhizobium
Essential macronutrients are generally present in plant tissues
An univalent cation which is involved in maintaining ionic balance also plays a major role in one of the following processes.
The deficiency of which elements are responsible for causing chlorosis as well as necrosis:
Which of the following element is essentially required for pollen germination and carbohydrate translocation?
Denitrification is carried out by:
Select the mismatch
Match the following functions in plants and the essential elements related to it. Column I Column II A Regulates opening and closing of stomata i Magnesium B Helps in maintaining ribosome structure ii Boron C Component of nitrate reductase iii Potassium D Required for uptake and utilisation of Calcium iv Molybdenum
Deficiency of the following pair of essential mineral elements cause both necrosis and chlorosis in plants.
Which amongst the following elements acts as structural element of plant cells?
Which one of the following elements do not follow the criteria for essentiality of nutrient elements?
Deficiency of the following essential elements causes only necrosis but not chlorosis. A. Copper B. Potassium C. Magnesium D. Calcium
Arrange the following events during nitrogen fixation in correct sequence. A. Infection thread formation B. Curling of root hairs C. Differentiation of nitrogen fixing cells
The activator for both ribulose bisphosphate carboxylaseoxygenase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase is:
All are the functions of the nutrient element potassium except:
Which one of the following is essential micronutrient of plants?
The enzyme nitrogenase converts
Nitrogen is absorbed mainly in which of its given form from the soil?
Biological nitrogen fixation is conversion of
Which of the following nutrient is required for auxin synthesis?
Which one is a component of ferredoxin?
A straight fertilizer is the one, which is
Nitrifying bacteria
Deficiency of which to the following can cause yellowing of intravenous regions of leaves?
A plant exhibits the appearance of brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins. When inspected in more detail, it is observed that its calcium translocation to the shoot is also disrupted. The plant is showing toxicity of
The deficiencies of micronutrients, not only affects the growth of plant but also vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow. Among the list given below, which group of three elements shall affect most, both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport.
Nitrate formation by the following reaction is accomplished by 2 NO 2 − + O 2 ⟶ 2 NO 3 −
If all nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then there will be no
If by radiation all the nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then which of the following will not occur? (i) Fixation of atmospheric NO 2. (ii) Conversion from nitrate to nitrite in legumes. (iii) Fixation of nitrogen in legumes. (iv) Conversion from ammonium to nitrate in soil.
Select bacteria which converts the ammonia to nitrite.
Match the following. Column I Column II (1) Mg 2+ (i) Chlorophyll (2) P (ii) ATP (3) Zn (iii) Alcohol dehydrogenase (4) Mo (iv) Nitrogenase
Mg and Fe are needed for plants in the
Match of the following and choose the correct combination from the options. Column – II Column – II A Potassium (i) Constituent of ferredoxin B Sulphur (ii) Involved in stomatal movement C Molybdenum (iii) Auxin synthesis D Zinc (iv) Component of nitrogenase A B C D 1 ii i iv iii 2 i iii ii iv 3 ii iii iv i 4 ii iii i iv
Match the column – I with column – II. Column – I Column – II 1. Micronutrients A. Fe 2. Macronutrients B. Nitrosomonas 3. Nitrification C. S 4. Denitrification D. Thiobacillus
Roots of which of these plants contain pigment which creates an anaerobic condition for a specific enzyme to function?
Which of the following is free living aerobic, non-photosynthetic nitrogen fixing bacterium?
Which one of the following is not a nitrogen fixing organism?
