Important Excretory Products And Their Elimination Questions for CBSE Class 11th

Figure shows human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristic and/ or functions.

Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below: Column I Column II (a) Ketonuria (i) Autosomal recessive trait (b) Phenylketonuria (ii) Diabetes insipidus (c) Polyuria (iii) Glomerulonephritis (d) Proteinuria (iv) Diabetes mellitus

Select the correct match regarding the human kidney

Through sebum, sebaceous glands eliminate substances like

Identify the set of animals which excrete the same substance as their chief nitrogenous waste.

Urea is

The proximity between the and , help in maintaining osmolarity in the medullary interstitium.

Which of the following would most likely be filtered during glomerular filtration?

Insoluble mass of crystallised salts within kidney are called

Glomerular filtrate does not generally contain

The dialysing fluid used in hemodialysis does not contain

Amino acids are almost completely reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate via active transport in the

The reason for excess urination (polyuria) in patients of diabetes mellitus is

Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)

Value of GFR is 125 ml/min. What does it mean?

Which of the following is a component of JGA ?

In majority of nephrons in humans, the loop of Henle is

A person with chronic kidney failure will have

Human urine is usually acidic because

Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product.

Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in

All of the following help in maintaining an increasing osmolarity towards the inner medullary interstitium, except

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I Column II A. Glycosuria (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints B. Gout (ii) Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney C. Renal calculi (iii) Inflammation in glomeruli D. Glomerular nephritis (iv) Presence of glucose in urine

Select the option which correctly matches one of the three major forms of nitrogenous wastes in animals with its features.

Which of the following stimulates the release of ADH?

Protonephridia of Planaria are primarily concerned with

Decreased blood pressure can cause the release of all of the following, except

Which of the following is a function of renin?

Angiotensin II activates

The ultimate method in the correction of acute renal failure is

Which one of the following options gives the correct categorization of three animals according to the type of nitrogenous waste they excrete?

In the kidneys, glomeruli occur in the

Select the correct path of the passage of the renal fluid.

Select the correct difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.

Kidneys help in the maintenance of acid-base balance because

Select the option which shows correct matching of an animal with its excretory organs and its chief excretory product. Animal Excretory organ Excretory product 1. Scorpion Green glands Uric acid 2. Land snail Nephridia Ammonia 3. Earthworm Flame cells Urea 4. Mosquito Malpighian tubules Uric acid

The maximum percentage of filtered water is reabsorbed in the

Hemodialysis is a boon for patients of

Which of the following is not a part of the renal tubule?

From the medullary interstitium, NaCl enters the

Presence of glucose and ketone bodies in urine indicates

Select the incorrect statement about human kidneys.

Water reabsorption takes place only in the presence of ADH in

In humans, urea is produced in X and excreted by Y . X and Y are

Mark the wrong statement about urea.

Kidneys are situated between the levels of

Renal reabsorption takes place in a. PCT b. DCT c. Henle’s loop d. Collecting duct

Minute spaces in between cells of Bowman’s capsule are called

Podocytes are the epithelial cells of

Mark the incorrect statement.

Mark the wrong combination.

Angiotensinogen is secreted by

How many of the following statements are true about ADH? a. Profuse sweating suppresses ADH. b. ADH prevents diuresis. c. Excess drinking of water activates ADH. d. ADH is a vasoconstrictor.

Haemodialysis is a treatment option for which of the following disorders?

Smooth muscles of blood vessels relax in response to

Most of the aquatic animals are

The basic functional unit of human kidney is

In haemodialysis,

Mark the incorrect statement about PCT.

The functioning of the kidneys is regulated by hormonal feedback mechanisms involving all of the following except

Inflammation of glomeruli is called

Glucose reabsorption in the nephron occurs in the

Which of the following is completely reabsorbed in the PCT?

Which of the following statements is true with regard to human kidney?

On an average, the volume of blood filtered by the kidneys per minute constitute about of cardiac output.

Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) ANF (i) Kidney (b) ADH (ii) Heart (c) Angiotensinogen (iii) Pituitary (d) Renin (iv) Liver

Which of the following help to maintain a concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium? (a) The proximity between the Henle’s loop and the vasa recta (b) The counter-current flow of the filtrate in the two limbs of the Henle’s loop (c) Renin-angiotensin mechanism (d) The counter-current flow of blood in the two limbs of the vasa recta

The maximum reabsorption of water without the influence of ADH takes place at

In a healthy person, which of the following components are completely absorbed by the PCT?

Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is

A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of

Which of the following statements is correct?

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I (Function) Column II (Part of excretory system) A. Ultrafiltration (i) Henle’s loop B. Concentration of urine (ii) Ureter C. Transport of urine (iii) Urinary bladder D. Storage of urine (iv) Malpighian corpuscle (v) Proximal convoluted tubule

Select the correct statement.

Select the features of cortical nephrons from the following: (a) Each nephron has two parts – the glomerulus and the renal tubule. (b) Glomerulus of the nephron is situated in the cortical region of the kidney. (c) The loop of Henle is very long and runs deep into the medulla. (d) Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.

Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?

Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in (A) nitrogenous waste build-up in the body (B) non-elimination of excess potassium ions (C) reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract (D) reduced RBC production. Which of the following options is the most appropriate?

Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of Diabetes Mellitus ?

Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the function of the renal tubule?

The increase in osmolarity from outer to inner medullary interstitium is maintained due to : (i) Close proximity between Henle’s loop and vasa recta (ii) Counter current mechanism (iii) Selective secretion of HC O 3 – and hydrogen ions in PCT (iv) Higher blood pressure in glomerular capillaries

Select the correct statement :

Match column I with column II and select the correct option using the codes given below. Column I Column II (a) Protonephridia (i) Butterfly (b) Malpighian tubules (ii) Prawn (c) Nephridia (iii) Leech (d) Antennary glands (iv) Planaria

Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product

In a person, 178 litres glomerular filtrate is formed per day. If tubular reabsorption is 177 litres per day and tubular secretion is 0.25 litres per day, then the rate of urinary excretion is

Match the following parts of a nephron with their function: Column I Column II (a) Descending limb of Henle’s loop (i) Reabsorption of salts only (b) Proximal convoluted tubule (ii) Reabsorption of water only (c) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop (iii) Conditional reabsorption of Sodium ion and water (d) Distal convoluted tubule (iv) Reabsorption of ion, water and organic nutrients Select the correct option from the following :

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

All of the following favour glomerular filtration, except

A large amount of about 180 L of fluid is filtered by the human kidneys per day. Which one of the following renal corpuscle features does not justify this?

Select the incorrect option with respect to features present in three animals.

Which of the following statements is not true ?

“A large amount of about 180 L of fluid is filtered by the human kidneys per day.” It is facilitated by all of the following, except

A fall in GFR causes JG cells to release

Identify the nitrogenous excretory waste based on the following features. a. Requires a large amount of water for its elimination. b. Readily soluble and is generally excreted by diffusion across body surfaces. c. Generally excreted through gill surfaces in fish. d. In fishes, kidneys do not play any significant role in its removal.

Protonephridia help for excretion and/or osmoregulation in how many of the following groups of animals? Flatworms, roundworms, insects, rotifers, urochordates, cephalochordates

Which of the following is not a normal constituent of sweat?

Micturition reflex stimulates all of the following, except

In a healthy man, glucose is not found in urine. Which one of the following statements justifies this?

Match the items in column I with those in column II. Column I Column II (a) Lungs (i) Sterols, hydrocarbons and waxes (b) Liver (ii) NaCl, urea and lactic acid (c) Sweat glands (iii) Carbon dioxide and water (d) Sebaceous glands (iv) Cholesterol, steroid hormones, vitamins and drugs

The urine of a healthy human is

What is the main function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism?

Select the incorrect statement about human kidneys.

Atrial natriuretic factor

Kidneys help in the maintenance of acid-base balance because

Conditional reabsorption of water and Na + takes place in the

Micturition reflex is triggered by

Which of the following statements is not true about hormonal regulation of kidney function?

GFR increases when

Na + is reabsorbed in the PCT of a nephron by

Match column I with column II and select the correct option using the codes given below. Column I Column II a Protonephridia 1 Insects b Malpighian tubules 2 Crustaceans c Nephridia 3 Annelids d Antennary glands 4 Flatworms

Secretion of ADH is regulated by

We excrete more urine during winter than during summer due to

Human lungs are considered accessory excretory organs because they remove

The extensions of the renal cortex into the renal medulla are termed

Select the correct path of the passage of the urine.

Select the correct match of a term with its description.

Presence of glucose and ketone bodies in urine indicates

Podocytes occur in the

Which of the following has the highest number of microvilli?

The maximum percentage of filtered water is reabsorbed in the

Which of the following is not a part of the renal tubule?

The first step in urine formation is

Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B). On an average, (A) mL of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute which constitutes roughly (B) of the cardiac output. The one correct option for the two blanks is

The glomerular filtrate is essentially

Select the correct match.

The kidneys have built-in mechanisms for the regulation of glomerular filtration rate. One such efficient mechanism is carried out by

Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B). The JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the (A) and the (B) at the location of their contact. The one correct option for the two blanks is

During urine formation, tubular cells of the nephron secrete which of the following into the filtrate?

Which of the following is an active process that occurs in the nephron?

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to

For excretion, uricotelic animals need

Urea is

Identify the set of animals which excrete the same substance as their chief nitrogenous waste.

Select the correct match.

Protonephridia of Planaria are primarily concerned with

Select the correct match regarding the human kidney.

The extensions of the renal cortex into the renal medulla are termed

Select the correct match of a term with its description.

In the kidneys, glomeruli occur in the

Select the correct path of the passage of the renal fluid.

Select the correct difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons. Cortical nephrons Juxta-medullary nephrons 1. Malpighian corpuscles are located in the cortex Malpighian corpuscles are located in the medulla 2. Fewer in number More in number 3. Henle’s loop is absent Henle’s loop is present 4. Vasa recta are absent or poorly developed Vasa recta are well-developed

The first step in urine formation is

The glomerular filtrate is essentially

In a healthy individual, which of these substances would you expect to be present in the tubular fluid entering the loop of Henle?

Which one of the following is a correct match of a part of the renal tubule and its feature?

Which of the following has the highest number of microvilli?

Conditional reabsorption of water and Na + takes place in the

The filtrate gets diluted as it passes through the

The osmolarity is about 1200 mOsmL -1 in

Which of the following is not responsible for concentrating urine?

Select the correct option about the function of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron.

The countercurrent mechanism helps maintain a concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium. This gradient is mainly caused by

Which of the following stimulates the release of ADH?

An excessive loss of fluid from the body can stimulate the release of

ADH receptors are mainly located in which two of the parts (A–E) shown in the following figure?

A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates

Which of the following is a function of renin?

Reabsorption of Na + from the DCT is stimulated by

Decreased blood pressure can cause the release of all of the following, except

Atrial natriuretic factor

Micturition reflex is triggered by

Micturition reflex stimulates all of the following, except

Select the wrong match.

The urine of a healthy human is

Human urine is slightly acidic because tubular cells

Human lungs are considered accessory excretory organs because they remove

Which of the following is not a normal constituent of sweat?

Through sebum, sebaceous glands eliminate substances like

Kidney damage can result in

The dialysing fluid used in hemodialysis does not contain

Foods like spinach that contain high levels of calcium and oxalate are most likely to lead to

The ultimate method in the correction of acute renal failure is

Match the items in column I with those in column II. Column-I Column-II a Nephritis (i) Diabetes mellitus b Uremia (ii) Renal calculi c Oxalate crystals (iii) Dialysis d Ketone bodies (iv) Glomerulus Select the correct option. a b c d 1. iii iv ii i 2. iv iii ii i 3. ii i iv iii 4. i ii iii iv

Match the items in column I with those in column II. Column-I Column-II (a) Lungs (i) Sterols, hydrocarbons and waxes (b) Liver (ii) NaCl, urea and lactic acid (c) Sweat glands (iii) Carbon dioxide and water (d) Sebaceous glands (iv) Cholesterol, steroid hormones, vitamins and drugs Select the correct option. (a) (b) (c) (d) 1. iii iv ii i 2. iv iii ii i 3. iii iv i ii 4. i ii iv iii

Which of the following is not correct about the functioning of kidney tubules in a healthy man?

In a healthy man, glucose is not found in urine. Which one of the following statements justifies this?

Choose the regions of nephron where water is reabsorbed. a. PCT b. Ascending limb of Henle’s loop c. Descending limb of Henle’s loop d. DCT e. CD

A readily soluble nitrogenous waste that is generally excreted by diffusion across body surfaces is

Compared to uric acid, ammonia is

The main driving force for glomerular filtration in the human kidney is

Match the following and choose the right option. Excretory structure Organism (a) Protonephridia (i) Pheretima (b) Nephridia (ii) Periplaneta (c) Antennal glands (iii) Planaria (d) Malpighian tubules (iv) Palaemon

PCT of nephron

A terrestrial turtle excretes uric acid while an aquatic turtle excretes both urea and ammonia. What may be the underlying reason?

Blood flows into glomerulus from

Conical masses of renal medulla are called

Micturition is facilitated due to

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Match the following and choose the correct option. Organism Excretory product (a) Protonephridia (i) Pheretima (b) Malpighian tubules (ii) Palaemon (c) Nephridia (iii) Planaria (d) Antennal glands (iv) Periplaneta a b c d 1 iii iv i ii 2 iv iii i ii 3 iii iv i ii 4 iii iv ii i

In fishes gills play an important role in the excretion of

Conversion of ammonia to urea occurs during

The main function of protonephridia is

The notch at which ureter and blood vessels exit in a kidney is called

Mark the wrong statement.

Of the following, the structure that is found in renal medulla is

Cortical nephrons are those which

Crystallised salts of kidney are composed of

Mark the wrong statement.

A fall in GFR stimulates

Increase in the concentration of which of the following does not increase blood pressure/volume?

The structures that play a significant role in the concentration of urine are

The products excreted by humans include a. urea b. carbon dioxide c. hydrocarbons d. lactic acid e. bile pigments

Active reabsorption of Na + occurs in all the following parts of nephron, except

Podocytes are the cells of the

Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) ANF (i) Kidney (b) ADH (ii) Heart (c) Angiotensinogen (iii) Pituitary (d) Renin (iv) Liver

An increase in the concentration of plasma potassium triggers the release of

Under normal conditions, which of the following are completely reabsorbed by the renal tubule?

When ADH level is low, the osmolarity of urine is

Projections of renal pelvis are called

Select the correct statement.

Juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) is a special sensitive region formed by

The convoluted tubules of the nephron are lined by

In interstitial fluid of the kidney an increasing osmolarity from cortex to the inner medulla. This gradient is mainly caused by

Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) Ammonia (i) Hemidactylus (b) Ammonia in larval stage; urea in adult stage (ii) Pristis (c) Urea (iii) Rana (d) Uric acid (iv) Exocoetus

Which of the following regions of nephron is impermeable to water?

Malpighian body consists of

Which of the following does not increase the blood pressure?

The major nitrogenous waste excreted by vertebrates is primarily dependent on

Filtration slits or slit pores are present

What is the effective filtration pressure in Human kidneys?

The end product of ornithine cycle is

Which of the following excretory organs is found in crustraceans?

Select the incorrect statement

Increase in GFR can be due to

An advantage of excreting nitrogenous wastes in the form of uric acid that

Which of the following statements about the functioning of the kidney is correct ? I. On an average, 125 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute which constitute roughly 1/5th of the blood pumped out both the ventricles of the heart in a minute. II. JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the proximal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole at the location of their contact. III. The ascending limb of Henle’s loop is impermeable to water but allows transport of electrolytes. IV. The collecting duct allows passage of small amounts of urea into the medullary interstitium to keep up the osmolarity.

Which of the following statements about dialysis is incorrect ?

Which of the following matching is correct about excretory system in humans?

Which of the following substance are secreted by tubular cells into the filtrate during urine formation?

Haemodialysis is a process by which

ANF is not involved in

How many of the following organisms are ammonotelic? (a) Bony fishes (b) Aquatic amphibians (c) Aquatic insects (d) Land snails (e) Birds (f) Mammals

Podocytes are modified epithelial cells of

Select the correct statement.

Related content